Monitoreo de Invernaderos Usando Tecnologías IOT

Abstract

In the field of precision agriculture, greenhouses play a crucial role by enabling controlled crop production in protected environments. However, continuous and accurate monitoring of environmental conditions within greenhouses remains a challenge. Maintaining parameters such as temperature, humidity, light levels, and soil quality within optimal ranges for crop growth is essential to ensure high-quality harvests and efficient yields. The application of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies is emerging as a promising alternative to address this challenge by providing a potential solution for effective monitoring and control of environmental conditions in greenhouses. Nonetheless, the successful implementation of IoT-based greenhouse monitoring systems poses specific technical challenges that require analysis. Therefore, this article aims to provide a comprehensive and detailed overview of the most relevant aspects of greenhouse agriculture and its monitoring using IoT technologies, including their pros and cons, as well as recent advancements and trends. To this end, the article reviews the topic from the basic aspects of greenhouse construction, through an analysis of existing trends in the field, and concludes with an examination of different scenarios where IoT solutions have been implemented in agriculture, allowing for the identification of patterns, challenges, and areas for improvement.