Pregrado Ingeniería Mecatrónica

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://hdl.handle.net/11634/211

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Mecatrónica en la agroindustria: Integración de tecnologías en el cultivo de palma de aceite colombiano
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-04-29) Duarte Murcia, Joan Sebastian; Peña Galvis, Omar Leonardo; Universidad Santo Tomas
The oil palm crop in Colombia faces significant challenges related to labor shortages, increasing operational costs, and the need to improve productivity and sustainability within the sector. In this context, agricultural mechanization and automation emerge as strategic alternatives to optimize production processes and strengthen the competitiveness of the oil palm agroindustry. This undergraduate thesis aims to support the development, optimization, and adaptation of mechatronic technologies applied to oil palm cultivation through a mixed methodology that combines bibliographic review, experimental design, and field validation. Four main areas of work were addressed: the strengthening of knowledge in the mechatronic and agricultural fields, the design and validation of an automated level measurement device, the analysis of energy consumption of electric sprayers used in assisted pollination, and the proposal of a semi-automated system for preventive rounds against bud rot disease. As a result, a functional prototype for level measurement in a pan evaporimeter tank was designed and validated, capable of automatically recording water level, ambient temperature, and relative humidity, achieving a correlation greater than 95% compared to the manual method and an autonomy of approximately 50 hours. Additionally, a comparative analysis of the energy consumption of different electric sprayers was conducted, identifying more energy-efficient equipment in terms of energy per liter applied. Finally, a semi-automated system was proposed to improve coordination and safety during preventive bud rot control operations. The results demonstrate the potential of mechatronics as a key tool for the modernization of the Colombian oil palm sector, promoting a more efficient, sustainable, and data-driven agricultural model.
Fortalecimiento de procesos internos para la mejora del soporte técnico posventa de equipos de networking industrial
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-04-29) Quiroga Herrera, Yhilber Yohary; Pérez rondón, Félix Antonio; Universidad santo Tomás
In the industrial networking sector, manufacturing companies maintain strategies to sustain customer preference by building reliability through strong and structured after-sales support, which becomes a determining factor for the company’s positioning. Direct communication, equipment manufacturing, and commissioning support ensure proper operation in real-world operating environments. This project aims to standardize and improve the after-sales support for industrial networking equipment manufactured by Atop Technologies, part of the BlackBear corporate group, by providing support during service execution and optimizing internal processes such as procedure documentation, meeting records, and inventory management, among others. Likewise, it involves implementing activities with staff to promote knowledge sharing and ensure follow-up of after-sales support cases. Likewise, the project seeks to compile all the knowledge acquired throughout the professional internship into a manual that will allow any new member of the support department to use it as a guide and carry out support services with clear and concise guidelines. This ensures that the progress achieved in this project is not lost, but instead preserved and applied to future situations
Mejora continua de procesos industriales: Diseño y ejecución de estrategias para la gestión y optimización de procesos en entornos industriales
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-04-16) Higuera Calvo, Jesús Alejandro; Mancilla López, Luis Rodrigo; Universidad santo Tomás
This report presents the development of a professional internship oriented toward administrative and engineering support for the management and execution of operational activities at the plant of the company identified as Industrias Electromecánicas Acuña LTDA, whose primary purpose was to strengthen internal processes of organization, control, and technical support. The internship arose from the need to optimize inventory management, improve the technical traceability of the work performed, and provide technical support to engineering activities, thus contributing to a more efficient and orderly operation. During the professional internship, engineering activities focused on operational optimization and technical design were executed. This included the technical management and control of fixed asset inventories and industrial consumables, as well as the development, review, and adjustment of blueprints for plate cutting dimensioning. Likewise, technical coordination of plant processes was led, and specialized support was provided in the intervention of electrical panels, ensuring compliance with technical specifications and safety standards under direct supervision. The results obtained showed a significant improvement in the organization and control of resources, greater reliability in administrative and technical documentation, and better articulation between the administrative, operational, and engineering areas. Additionally, the planning and execution of plant activities were strengthened, reducing errors and improving response times. This work highlights the importance of administrative and technical support in industrial environments, as well as the value of the engineer in the integration of organizational and technical processes that positively impact operational efficiency and the continuous improvement of the company.
Practica empresarial: desarrollo de un sistema de software de apoyo a generación de cotizaciones junto con base de datos para la empresa Ryctel S.A.S
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-03-28) Martínez Arenas, Diego Andrés; Niño Sandoval, Kelly Johanna; Diaz Jaimes, Pedro Pablo; Universidad Santo Tomás
This document presents the development of a capstone project in the form of a business internship, which first outlines the need for Ryctel S.A.S. to provide support to its engineering department due to its rapid growth, which in turn necessitates the development of a tool to assist with quotations within that department. With this in mind, a database-driven software tool was developed to enable the generation, saving, and subsequent editing of quotes for internal use within the company. This development process began by establishing a set of necessary requirements for the tool, selecting an appropriate development environment while considering time constraints and these requirements, conducting research and familiarizing ourselves with the selected development environment, and finally developing the software tool. The result is a tool that streamlines the process of generating and accessing quotes, while also supporting the company’s engineering department and enabling increased productivity and efficiency within it.
Informe de práctica empresarial: desarrollo de software como solución a problemas administrativos
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-03-16) Carreño Valencia, Juan David; Paez Casas, Deisy Carolina; Universidad Santo Tomás
This document aims to describe a bachelor's final project carried out in the form of an internship, which first identifies a base problem within e company Nexans Colombia: the lack of software tools to streamline various internal managing processes. Consequently, it proposes the development of software solutions based on the specific needs of employees and directives in different administrative areas, such as information systems or technologies, human resources, and general services. This development begins with a requirements analysis stage, considered crucial for establishing needs, and leads to the creation of multiple software solutions tailored to each specific area. The result being increased productivity and improved employee wellbeing thanks to the use of these software tools.
Práctica empresarial en control y automatización SOE PROCESS S.A.S
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-03-02) Oviedo Muñoz, Jose Alejandro; Niño Sandoval, Kelly Johanna; Universidad Santo Tomás
This document presents the development of business practices at SOE PROCESS S.A.S., where various engineering projects focused on the control and automation of industrial processes were developed and implemented, such as the grinding process, product drying process, boiler operation process, and other activities. This involved implementing the knowledge acquired academically in PLC programming, Windows applications, and communication protocol configuration.
Diseño de un controlador por realimentación de estados para modelos de dinámica poblacional de plagas ante aplicación periódica de un pesticida
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-02-27) Pimiento Serrano, Juan Diego; Castro Jaluba, William Razvan; Beltran Larrota, Carlos Mateo; Universidad Santo Tomás
Agricultural crops represent a vital part of the global economy and are essential for ensuring food security. Agriculture is responsible for the production of most of the world's food, and it is the largest employer on a global scale, with more than one billion people working in this sector. In Colombia, 15% of the workforce is employed in the agricultural sector, and in 2021 this sector accounted for 15.3% of GDP. However, agricultural crops are constantly under threat from a variety of pests that have a detrimental effect on food production and availability, causing significant economic losses. Aphids, for instance, are a family of pests present in a wide variety of crops, and managing their populations has been a constant challenge for farmers due to their rapid reproductive capacity and adaptability to diverse environments. It is estimated that at least 250 species of aphids are considered pests of economic importance due to their ability to cause significant damage to agricultural crops. Regarding the issue of pest populations, conventional methods such as the application of chemical insecticides are frequently employed. Nevertheless, these methods can be costly and inefficient in the long term due to the development of multiple forms of resistance by pests to these substances. It is imperative for farmers to exercise precision in the application of pesticides, given the potential for pesticide residues to compromise crop quality by altering physicochemical properties, accumulating in soils, and introducing toxicological risks to consumers. In this context, Automatic Control Theory can be applied to formulate pesticide application as an optimization problem, seeking a balance between effective pest suppression and minimal pesticide use. In this thesis, a controller is designed to estimate the periodic use of pesticides in pest population dynamics models based on stability, observability, and controllability analysis, and controller simulation.
La Brecha Teórico-Práctica en el Control Industrial: Un Análisis Estructural de las Metodologías de Implementación en PLCs y su Discrepancia con los Modelos Académicos
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-03-02) Bueno Romero, Juan Felipe; Niño Sandoval, Kelly Jhoanna; Universidad Santo Tomás
This monograph examines the gap between theoretical models of automatic control and their practical application in industrial environments based on Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs). Although classical control theory, grounded in mathematical models and stability criteria, provides precise methodologies for controller design, in industrial practice these are adapted through autotuning tools, function blocks, and software libraries developed by manufacturers. These adaptations, implemented in platforms such as Logix Designer, TIA Portal, and EcoStruxure Control Expert, enable agile and reliable configuration while also introducing distance from the analytical rigor presented in academic texts. This work develops a comparative analysis of PID implementation methodologies from Rockwell Automation, Siemens, and Schneider Electric, contrasting them with theoretical approaches described in classical literature. Based on a documentary review and a simulation case in TIA Portal and Factory IO, the technical and operational factors that explain this gap are identified.
Estrategias para mitigar los armónicos generados por los dispositivos electrónicos de alta potencia
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-02-23) Acuña Martinez, Fabian José; Niño Sandoval, Kelly Johanna; Universidad Santo Tomas
This document presents a literature review of harmonics generated in the electrical grid, their consequences, and the available mitigation mechanisms. Furthermore, a cost-benefit analysis of the primary strategies used in the industry for their suppression is conducted, aiming to guide the selection of the most suitable alternative for each context.
Deep Computer Vision para la obtención de métricas comerciales en sucursales
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-02-03) Bueno Ortiz, Santiago José; Valencia Niño, Cesar Hernando; Universidad Santo Tomas
Customer behavior in physical branches constitutes a relevant metric for operational decision-making, such as staff allocation and the optimization of information point layouts. This project implements a person detection and tracking system based on Deep Learning-driven computer vision techniques, aimed at collecting commercial metrics from video recordings at UNIDROGAS S.A.S. branches. A connection was established between the cameras and a centralized server responsible for executing a detection model trained under the YOLO architecture, using real images from the branches to improve customer detection and the distinction between customers and employees. The generated information is stored on the server and used for the implementation of visualization tools. As a result, it was possible to consistently measure customer flow within the branches, as well as person counts in different areas of the establishment. This allowed for the generation of heatmaps that support the analysis of customers' spatial behavior and aid in operational decision-making.
Optimizаción del sistemа domótico de control de líneаs eléctricаs en sucursаles estratégicаs de UNIDROGAS S.A.S.
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-01-20) Ariza Romero, Joseph Sneyder; Peña Galvis, Omar Leonardo; Universidad Santo Tomás
The automation system implemented in UNIDROGAS S.A.S. branches presented critical deficiencies in hardware, software, and visualization tools, generating recurring failures, electrical risks, and limitations in centralized monitoring. The objective is to optimize the automation system through a comprehensive diagnosis, strengthening the hardware architecture, software improvement, implementation of visualization tools, and execution of new implementations. A comprehensive technical diagnostic methodology was applied, followed by structured interventions in hardware (panel reorganization, power supply improvement, component replacement), software (ESP32 firmware adjustments, development of automated Python scripts), and the creation of visualization dashboards for monitoring and prioritization. This led to a significant improvement in the stability of the system, practically eliminating unexpected blockages and communication failures. Visualization tools were implemented, which made it possible to reactivate the project and establish objective prioritization criteria. The comprehensive intervention demonstrated the importance of simultaneously addressing technical and operational aspects to generate sustainable solutions in industrial automation systems.
Diseño e implementación de un sistema de indicadores clave de desempeño (KPIs) para el área de mantenimiento mediante Power BI para el monitoreo operativo
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-12-02) Acevedo Jiménez, Armando; Perico Remolina, Luis Fernando; Universidad Santo Tomás
This paper presents the development of a key performance indicator (KPI) system using Power BI, fed by a PostgreSQL database, containing information on corrective and preventive maintenance records and the technical staff involved. The purpose of this indicator system is to make the visualization of these behaviors dynamic and easy to interpret for more accurate decision-making.
Análisis y Desarrollo de sistema de información Help Desk basado en ITIL para MiPymes
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-09-05) Rodriguez Guerrero, Deiby Andrey; Perico Remolina, Luis Fernando
INowadays, the efficient management of technological resources is a key factor for the growth and competitiveness of companies. This thesis project proposes the development of a Help Desk information system, based on the ITIL methodology, oriented to micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Colombia. The objective is to optimize the management of incidents, requests and technological inventory, thus improving the operational efficiency and productivity of these organizations. The development of this technological tool is proposed as a web application, due to its high scalability and accessibility, which allows the system to be easy to use for any MSME. In the initial stage of development, a requirements analysis is carried out based on the ITIL methodology, considering the main needs of MSMEs. Subsequently, from the requirements survey, the tool is developed using Django for the backend, and HTML, CSS, Bootstrap and JavaScript for the frontend and using PostgreSQL as database manager. In the final stage, functional tests were carried out on the tool, which allowed implementing improvements and optimizing its performance.
Práctica empresarial: Huawei Retail GTM Intern
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-08-27) Galán Claro, Iván Andrés; Valencia Niño, Cesar Hernando
This report presents the development and outcomes of the professional internship carried out at Huawei Technologies, within the Retail GTM division, during the first semester of 2025. The main objective was to optimize internal processes through the design and implementation of digital tools developed in Excel VBA, aimed at improving data management and reducing operational times. The methodology focused on identifying inefficiencies in the area’s information management and designing solutions aligned with the company’s strict cybersecurity policies. Although initial proposals considered languages such as C# and SQL, security restrictions led to the adoption of Excel VBA as the primary development environment. Based on this approach, two key projects were implemented: (i) the creation of a database with a graphical interface (“Megadata”), which consolidates LATAM Retail information and provides intuitive navigation through filters, menus, and search functions; and (ii) an automated tool for downloading and inserting images into spreadsheets, replacing a previously manual and repetitive process. Results demonstrated that the database successfully centralized and organized large volumes of information, ensuring accessibility, clarity, and timely updates for decision-making. Meanwhile, the automation tool achieved a 74.28% reduction in execution time compared to manual procedures, with a speed-up factor close to four times, while also minimizing human error. The discussion highlights the positive impact of these solutions on the operational efficiency of the Retail GTM team, as well as their scalability and sustainability, given their development with widely available software. In conclusion, the internship provided a valuable opportunity to apply Mechatronics Engineering knowledge in a real corporate environment, contributing significantly to Huawei’s Retail GTM operations while strengthening the intern’s professional and technical skills.
Estrategia para la Mejora Continua en la Gestión de Equipos Biomédicos: Apoyo en Mantenimiento, Verificación y Capacitación en la Clínica Medilaser
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-08-22) Pacheco Bayona, Yeison David; Peña Galvis, Omar Leonardo; Universidad Santo Tomas
This paper presents the development of a business practice at Medilaser Clinic, focused on continuous improvement in the management of biomedical equipment through maintenance, verification, and training activities. The main objective was to comprehensively support the biomedical engineering department, strengthening its internal processes and promoting the safe and efficient use of healthcare technologies. The content was structured around four axes: support for preventive and corrective maintenance, execution of verification rounds, optimization of internal processes, and training of healthcare staff. The methodology included initial process diagnosis, updating of technical documentation and equipment lifecycles, participation in maintenance execution, implementation of inventory forms, active downtime activities, and sharing of audit results. The results show significant improvements in information traceability, increased equipment operability, and reduced response times to failures. The use of platforms such as FRACTTAL and GLPI allowed for standardization of processes, ensuring proper maintenance planning, and efficient management of spare parts. Furthermore, the implementation of verification rounds and audit analysis facilitated the identification of recurring failures, while training sessions for healthcare staff contributed to strengthening technological surveillance. The discussion highlights the importance of the role of the mechatronics engineer in the hospital environment, integrating technical knowledge with organizational processes that directly impact service quality. It also highlights how inventory systematization, schedule standardization, and ongoing training generated a cycle of continuous improvement. It is concluded that the business practice met the proposed objectives, achieving progress in the documentation, maintenance, and use of biomedical equipment, and fostering an institutional culture focused on safety, efficiency, and quality in healthcare.
Practica Empresarial desarrollo e implementación de una plataforma integral para la gestión de mantenimiento preventivo y correctivo, control de inventarios y monitoreo manual de horómetros con generación de alarmas, basada en PostgreSQL y java swing
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-08-22) Bautista Rodríguez, Cristhian Ricardo; Perico Remolina, Luis Fernando
Problem: At Soluciones Omega S.A, maintenance management was carried out manually in Excel spreadsheets, which made it difficult to track information, control spare parts, and plan activities, leading to inefficiencies and the risk of data loss. Objective: To design and implement a comprehensive preventive and corrective maintenance system that would centralize information, automate alarms, and strengthen inventory management in order to optimize equipment availability and operational efficiency. Method: A five-phase methodology was applied: requirements analysis, database design in PostgreSQL, interface development in Java Swing with FlatLaf, implementation of security measures through token authentication, and functional testing in the real environment. Results: The system integrated the modules for preventive and corrective maintenance, inventory management, and work order generation. Planning was improved through automatic alarms, exporting reports to Excel, and detailed control of spare parts inputs and outputs. The results show that the solution reduced downtime, strengthened the traceability of interventions, and ensured the availability of supplies, representing a significant contribution to the optimization of maintenance processes in the business context.
Arquitectura End-to-End para la Consulta Inteligente de Manuales Vehiculares mediante IA y Cloud Computing
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-08-22) Calderón Sua, Nicolás Santiago; Pimentel Díaz, Carlos Daniel
This article presents an artificial intelligence architecture for an intelligent vehicle assistance system, optimized for Cupra Formentor model manuals. It addresses the challenge of managing the complexity of extensive technical documentation and the limitations of generic solutions such as ChatGPT, which often lack the precision and traceability required for vehicle-specific queries. The solution implements a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) pipeline, integrating advanced Natural Language Processing. The architecture is deployed on AWS, using Lambda for serverless processing, S3 for storage, and PostgreSQL with pgvector for optimized embedding management and information retrieval. The system allows customized queries based exclusively on official documentation, eliminating artifacts. Experimental evaluation demonstrated high reliability, with a quality score of 8.7/10, 100% traceability, and zero artifacts. It outperformed ChatGPT 3.5 in technical precision and clarity, validating the superiority of the RAG approach in critical domains. This implementation automates vehicle information retrieval, improving the user experience. Future work includes expanding multimodal capabilities (computer vision for symbols, audio input) and multilingual adaptation, seeking to establish new standards for proactive assistance in the connected automotive ecosystem.
Desarrollo e implementación de una aplicación móvil que permita gestionar de manera automatizada el inventario de repuestos Perkins y la trazabilidad de componentes en reparación
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-08-19) Bautista Gamboa, Jefferson Danilo; Becerra Angarita, Oscar Fernando
This project addresses the need to optimize the management of Perkins spare parts inventory and the traceability of components under repair at TRIENERGY S.A.S., a company responsible for the maintenance of generator sets at the Rubiales Project. A mobile application was developed and implemented using Power Apps integrated with sharepoint, enabling inventory management through barcode scanning, monitoring the status of components under repair, and centralizing real-time information for authorized personnel. The application helped reduce the time required for spare parts identification, optimize partial billing processes, and improve maintenance planning, thereby enhancing the company's operational efficiency. This project enabled the practical application of mechatronics engineering knowledge in the automation of industrial processes and the development of technological solutions that contribute to the energy sector.
Revisión sistemática de técnicas de monitoreo con electrocardiograma y fotopletismografia enfocadas en la ingeniería mecatrónica.
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-08-11) Caballero Oviedo, Wilmer Alexis; Pimentel Diaz, Carlos Daniel; Castro Jaluba, William Razvan
This monograph presents a systematic review for noninvasive blood pressure monitoring using electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmography (PPG) signals in the academic context of mechatronic engineering. Physiological fundamentals, signal acquisition and processing methods, and key parameters such as pulse transit time (PTT) and pulse arrival time (PAT) are addressed. The review was conducted using search equations applied to scientific databases, with a filter of recent and relevant publications. Nine studies grouped into three main approaches were analyzed: theoretical bases, development of portable devices and use of computational models for blood pressure estimation. The results demonstrate the feasibility of noninvasive, accurate and compact systems, although challenges related to clinical validation remain. This work offers a formative and technical basis for the development of intelligent solutions applied to physiological monitoring from mechatronic engineering
Control angular y software para electrólisis
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2025-06-26) Almeyda Reyes, David Norbey; Mancilla López, Luis Rodrigo
This technical report presents the development of two projects carried out during the industrial internship at Quirúrgicos Especializados S.A.S., aimed at improving manufacturing processes through automation solutions. The first project involved the design and implementation of a control software for the Matsusada 500V-30 power supply, used in anodizing and electropolishing processes. This solution optimized operating times, improved process traceability, and increased operator safety. The second project focused on automating the fourth and fifth axes of a CNC milling machine through the development of an angular positioning system controlled by microcontrollers (Arduino and ESP32-C3), an interactive graphical interface in Python, and inertial sensors. This approach enhanced machining accuracy and reduced errors caused by manual angular adjustments. Both projects successfully met their objectives, proving to be functional, scalable, and adaptable to other industrial applications. The internship experience strengthened the student’s skills in programming, mechanical design, electronics integration, and technological project management in real roduction environments.

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