Metals and metalloid in eight fish species consumed by citizens of bogota d.c., colombia, and potential risk to humans
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2016-03-24
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Abstract
The risk imposed upon society by consumption of foods contaminated with metals and
metalloids is an environmental problem attributed to the increasing number of mining
extraction activities currently underway in Colombia. The aim of the current study was to
determine concentrations of mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and a metalloid arsenic
(As) found in the species of most consumed fish species by citizens of Bogota D.C.
(Colombia), and the consequent potential risk to human health was also calculated. Muscle
samples of 8 fish species were obtained from 203 individuals collected through 2014. The
highest metal concentrations detected were as follows: Pb in Oncorhynchus sp. (0.0595 mg/
kg), Cd and Hg in Pimelodus sp. (0.0072 and 0.0579 mg/kg, respectively), and As in
Scomberomorus sp (0.0471 mg/kg). Further, the levels of metal accumulation from consumption
of fish were calculated utilizing the metal pollution index (MPI), with elevated values
noted in Pseudoplatystoma sp (0.06 mg/kg), followed by Scomberomorus sp. and
Centropomus sp. (0.05 and 0.04 mg/kg, respectively). The multiple species exposure index
(Em.j) denotes the level of exposure associated with consumption of various contaminated
fish species, and this level occurred in decreasing order as follows: As > Pb > Cd > Hg. The
multiple chemical exposure index (Ej.m), which accounts for exposure to multiple metals,
identified Prochilodus sp. as the species displaying the highest level of exposure per consumption
(8 × 10−6 mg/kg-d). The target hazard quotient (THQ) for human health indicated
high levels for Hg and Cd in Prochilodus sp. (0.026 and 0.005, respectively), Pb in
Oncorhynchus sp (0.025), and As in Pseudoplatistoma sp. and Centropomus sp. (0.023). Data
emphasize the need for adequate nationwide public policies that promote assessment of
exposure levels and potential adverse health risks associated with dietary consumption of
different fish species in Colombia.
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Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 2.5 Colombia