Identificación de Métodos para Evaluar la Vulnerabilidad en Redes Eléctricas de Distribución con Integración de Generación Distribuida

Abstract

The present work focuses on identifying methods to assess vulnerability in electric distribution networks that integrate distributed generation, a key aspect within the framework of the energy transition. The incorporation of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, along with the increase in electric vehicles, introduces new challenges that affect the stability of these networks. The state-of-the-art review aims to address the need to analyze how these changes influence the resilience and robustness of distribution networks.

A detailed review of the state-of-the-art was carried out by consulting various academic databases, classifying existing methods based on their probabilistic, deterministic, or simulation-based nature. One of the selected methods was simulated to evaluate the vulnerability of a distribution network with distributed generation.

Several methods for vulnerability assessment in distribution networks with renewable energy sources were identified and classified, such as the TOPSIS method and complex network analysis. The G1 order relation method was chosen for the simulation, which showed that certain nodes and lines in the network are more vulnerable due to voltage instabilities and overloads.

This work provides a methodological framework for evaluating vulnerability in distribution networks with high integration of renewable energy sources. The results highlight the importance of combining subjective and objective approaches in the weighting of vulnerability indicators. The state-of-the-art review offers valuable tools for network operators (OR) to improve the planning and operation of more robust and resilient networks against failures and fluctuations.