The effectiveness of splint therapy in patients with temporomandibular disorders
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2012-08
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Abstract
Purpose. The authors conducted a systematic
review of all published randomized controlled
trials in which investigators compared the effectiveness of splint therapy with that of minimal or
no treatment in patients with temporomandibular
disorders (TMDs).
Types of Studies Reviewed. The authors searched
MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for studies published from inception of each database
through August 2011. In eligible studies, investigators enrolled
adult patients with TMDs and assigned them randomly to splint
therapy or a control group receiving minimal or no treatment.
Results. Of 1,567 potentially eligible studies, 11 proved eligible
and were included. Moderate-quality evidence suggests that splint
therapy reduced pain in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) area
(standardized response mean = −0.93, 95 percent confidence
interval [CI], −1.33 to −0.53; risk difference for having continued
pain = −0.35, 95 percent CI, −0.21 to −0.46; mean change on the
100-millimeter visual analog scale = −11.5 mm, 95 percent CI,
−16.5 mm to −6.6 mm). Low to very low quality of evidence showed
no significant differences between the splint therapy and control
groups in terms of quality of life or depression. None of the trial
reports described effect on function.
Conclusions. Although overall results are promising for the
reduction of pain, establishing the role of splints for patients with
TMDs will require large trials with stronger safeguards against bias.
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