Interculturalidad e inclusión educativa en colombia: estrategias pedagógicas para la atención a la diversidad cultural en el aula

Abstract

This pedagogical proposal aims to strengthen the processes of inclusive education and critical interculturality in the third grade at La Draga Educational Institution, located in El Bugre, Ciénaga de Oro, Córdoba, Colombia. It emerged from the identification of physical, pedagogical, and communicative barriers that limit students’ participation and learning, particularly for a student with low vision, as well as the limited incorporation of local rural knowledge into the school curriculum. The study is grounded in the principles of Universal Design for Learning (UDL) and critical interculturality, drawing on the theoretical contributions of UNESCO, CAST, Freire, Walsh, de Sousa Santos, and Candau.The research adopted a qualitative approach, using participant observation and semi-structured interviews as data collection techniques. The research instruments were validated through expert judgment, and the collected information was analyzed using categorical content analysis.The findings revealed the persistence of traditional teaching practices centered on knowledge transmission, the existence of barriers that hinder the participation of the student with low vision, and the limited integration of rural community knowledge into teaching activities. These findings provided the basis for the design and implementation of the pedagogical proposal “Weaving Knowledge”, aimed at promoting curriculum flexibility, equitable participation, and the recognition of the local territory and rural knowledge as valuable learning resources.The study concludes that the integration of Universal Design for Learning and critical interculturality constitutes a relevant alternative for promoting more inclusive, equitable, and context-responsive educational practices. This approach contributes to strengthening participation, recognizing diversity, and fostering educational processes aligned with the needs of rural education.