Herramienta diagnóstica de la gestión y madurez de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo en organizaciones colombianas

Abstract

Occupational health and safety management is essential for the development of organizations. As of Law 1562 of 2012 in Colombia, the occupational health programs were transferred to the OSHMS, which is applicable to all types of organizations. In this sense and considering the importance of the performance evaluation processes of the management systems, this book chapter presents the results of a multi-stage research in which a diagnostic tool for the management and maturity of the management was designed and validated. Occupational health and safety (OSH) in Colombian organizations. The designed tool

considers three components: 1) proposal for measuring the structure, process, result and minimum indicators of the OSHMS, 2) minimum standards of the OSHMS and, 3) an instrument and a scale to identify the maturity level of OSH management. This tool has been applied in three moments in different sectors. First, it was applied in 30 organizations, from the Commerce (2), construction (1), industry (3), services (10) and public sector (14) sectors and a positive and statistically significant relationship was found between the instruments minimum standards of the OSHMS and the maturity scale. For processing, statistical packages such as STATA (descriptive processing and analysis of the information collected in the field) and SPSS Statistics (development of regression models to assess the dependence of two or more variables) were used. Second, it was applied to 50 district public entities in Bogotá, an experience that allowed improving the tool, since it was created as a web module developed in Java 8.0, SQL Server 2017 database, in order to boost management in OSH inside the public entities of the district. In addition to the three components listed, in this new version of the tool, two components related the accident report and the occupational disease report were incorporated, thereby optimizing the management of the information associated with the OSHMS in these entities. Thirdly, in order to demonstrate the maturity component applicability in representative population samples of the same organization, public servants from seven offices of a public entity of the national order were applied in 1729 and in 77 teleworkers of an organization with a model of autonomous teleworking. For instance, a confirmatory factor analysis was carried out through the R-Studio statistical package. The results obtained at each stage allow us to conclude that the applicability of the diagnostic tool in different organizational contexts was successful, regardless of its typology (understood such as public or private), the size of the organization and its geographical location. Likewise, an excellent internal consistency and a high correlation between the items of the maturity instrument were obtained. The results obtained with this tool will be successful to generate actions to improve the system and promote its maturity, an aspect that will strengthen the creation of a positive culture of safety and health.