Acute effects of high intensity, resistance, or combined protocol on the increase of level of neurotrophic factors in physically inactive overweight adults: the brainfit study
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2018-06-28
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The purpose of this study was to compare the neurotrophic factor response following
one session of high-intensity exercise, resistance training or both in a cohort of
physically inactive overweight adults aged 18–30 years old. A randomized, parallel-group
clinical trial of 51 men (23.6 ± 3.5 years; 83.5 ± 7.8 kg; 28.0 ± 1.9 kg/m2) who
are physically inactive (i.e., <150min of moderate-intensity exercise per week or
IPAQ score of <600 MET min/week for >6 months) and are either abdominally
obese (waist circumference ≥90 cm) or have a body mass index, BMI ≥25 and
≤30 kg/m2 were randomized to the following four exercise protocols: high-intensity
exercise (4 × 4min intervals at 85–95% maximum heart rate [HRmax] interspersed
with 4min of recovery at 75–85% HRmax) (n = 14), resistance training (12–15
repetitions per set, at 50–70% of one repetition maximum with 60 s of recovery)
(n = 12), combined high-intensity and resistance exercise (n = 13), or non-exercising
control (n = 12). The plasma levels of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), neurotrophin-4
(also known as neurotrophin 4/5; NT-4 or NT-4/5), and brain-derived neurotrophic
factor (BDNF) were determined before (pre-exercise) and 1-min post-exercise for
each protocol session. Resistance training induced significant increases in NT-3
(+39.6 ng/mL [95%CI, 2.5–76.6; p = 0.004], and NT-4/5 (+1.3 ng/mL [95%CI, 0.3–2.3;
p = 0.014]), respectively. Additionally, combined training results in favorable effects
on BDNF (+22.0, 95% CI, 2.6–41.5; p = 0.029) and NT-3 (+32.9 ng/mL [95% CI,12.3–53.4; p = 0.004]), respectively. The regression analysis revealed a significant
positive relationship between changes in BDNF levels and changes in NT-4/5 levels
from baseline to immediate post-exercise in the combined training group (R2 = 0.345,
p = 0.034) but not the other intervention groups. The findings indicate that acute
resistance training and combined exercise increase neurotrophic factors in physically
inactive overweight adults. Further studies are required to determine the biological
importance of changes in neurotrophic responses in overweight men and chronic effects
of these exercise protocols.
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