La caña de azucar, un suplemento clave para la ceba de cerdos

Abstract

Pig production is one of the most important livestock activities in Colombia; however, high feed costs continue to be a constraint for small and medium-sized producers. In regions such as Meta, where sugarcane and its by-products are available, there is the possibility of using cane juice and cachaza as local alternatives to reduce costs and improve feed efficiency. The purpose of this study was to theoretically assess whether it was advisable to incorporate these by-products into the pig fattening stage, taking into account their productive, economic, and environmental impact. The research was conducted through a descriptive document review, supported by scientific articles, institutional reports, and technical literature published between 2020 and 2025. Studies on the importance of the nutritional value of sugarcane and cachaza, their use and utilization in liquid feeding systems, and experiences reported in tropical countries were examined. The findings were organized by thematic categories and compared to identify trends, limitations, and opportunities. The results of the review show that the partial inclusion of sugarcane derivatives in feed diets (between 10% and 20% of energy intake) allows or maintains weight gain rates and feed conversions very similar to traditional corn- and soybean-based diets, provided that the protein and mineral balance is maintained. Additionally, there are improvements in palatability, higher consumption in hot climates, and a very significant reduction in feed costs. From an environmental perspective, these by-products contribute to the circular economy and reduce agro-industrial waste. It can therefore be concluded that the use of sugarcane juice and cachaza represents a viable and sustainable alternative for small producers in tropical areas such as Meta. Its implementation can contribute to feed efficiency and reduce costs, but proper hygienic management of by-products and a precise nutritional agreement on the diet are recommended to ensure its effectiveness.