Constitución y ampliación de resguardos indígenas en Colombia. Una mirada al avance histórico y perspectivas de cumplimiento

Abstract

The 1991 Constitution in Colombia has generated profound societal transformations towards the recognition of ethnic diversity in the country; The commitment to the legalization of lands and expansion of indigenous reservations was also a way to get there. However, the process of land transfer and legalization has had many ups and downs that have led to a permanent mobilization of indigenous communities in order to secure the signing of agreements for the legalization of new territories by the national government and ensure their implementation. This paper proposes a historical review of the progress for the legalization of land to indigenous communities in Colombia, particularly from the formation of INCODER, and to analyze the planning strategies advanced during the presidential period of Juan Manuel Santos, for the constitution and expansion of indigenous reservations and recognize the main demands of these ethnic actors, in order to get closer to the knowledge of the demands made by these communities as well as the progress of the agreements signed, and the commitments that are still pending. The fragility of the process and the failure to comply with the agreements are an interesting measure to understand the process of territorial agreements building, as well as an invitation to rethink strategies for dialogue and planning with these indigenous communities.