Análisis multitemporal de la cobertura vegetal de la Subcuenca del río Teusacá con imágenes landsat de los años 1985, 1997 y 2015

Abstract

The aim of this work was to carry out a multitemporal analysis of the vegetation cover with Landsat Images from 1985, 1987 and 2015 in the sub-basin of the Teusacá River. The sub-basin of the Teusacá river presents a spatial heterogeneity in the physical, political, social, cultural and climatic characteristics, because the land uses are diverse and vary in intensity, duration and extension, these aspects have led to the increase of human activities that have different effects on environmental degradation, therefore, the identification and analysis of land use changes as an ecological and geographical factor is essential to understand how, where and how much natural resources are being lost. It is essential to conduct studies of the causes, consequences and spatial and temporal variation of the change in land cover, which allow us to better plan to conserve, restore and manage our diverse and abundant natural resources. LANDSAT images were used, downloaded from the "United States Geological Survey-USGS" page of the United States Geological Survey. ArcGIS 10.2 software was used to perform image cuts and band combinations. On the images, the study area was selected to obtain its spectral value and the identification of the vegetation cover patterns in each image; according to the Corine Land Cover classification adapted for Colombia. The information obtained from the images was vectorized, at a general scale of 1: 100,000 and vegetation cover schemes of each satellite image were developed. The 2015 plant cover was compared with the agricultural frontier layer (Resolution 261 of June 21, 2018), in order to verify the agreement of the norm regarding the use of the land and the data of the National Agricultural Census published 2014. It was possible to identify the cases that spatially had marked differences and to be able to unveil the effects that have been generated from the change in land use. It is necessary that in the sub-basin of the Teusacá River agricultural productivity be maintained by promoting in the producers practical soil conservation such as planting of plant cover which allows to recover unprotected areas and the use of composting in agricultural production.