Vivienda multifamiliar enfocada en el diseño bioclimático en el área metropolitana de Bucaramanga

Abstract

Problem: Urban growth in the Bucaramanga Metropolitan Area has led to an increased demand for multifamily housing, often without adequately considering local climatic conditions, which affects indoor thermal comfort and increases dependence on mechanical cooling systems. Objective: To design a multifamily housing proposal in the municipality of Floridablanca, Santander, applying bioclimatic design criteria to improve environmental comfort and the energy efficiency of buildings. Method: An analysis of the bioclimatic conditions of the context was conducted, including solar radiation, prevailing winds, temperature, and humidity, as well as a review of urban regulations and the study of theoretical and architectural references. Based on this analysis, design criteria were defined, such as proper building orientation, the implementation of natural cross ventilation, the use of solar protection elements, the incorporation of green areas, and the selection of materials with appropriate thermal performance. Results: A multifamily housing architectural proposal was developed that responds to the climatic and urban conditions of the sector, optimizing site placement, spatial distribution, and volumetric configuration to enhance thermal comfort and sustainability. Discussion: The project demonstrates that the integration of bioclimatic strategies from the early stages of design improves the environmental performance of buildings, reduces energy consumption, and creates more comfortable living spaces, highlighting the feasibility of bioclimatic design as an effective tool in the development of multifamily housing within the climatic context of Floridablanca.