Diseño asistido por computadora de un macromodelo para facilitar el aprendizaje del efecto ferrule desde la mirada de actores claves

Abstract

Introduction: The ferrule effect is a fundamental principle in restorative dentistry because it strengthens endodontically treated teeth, improves force distribution, and increases the longevity of restorations. At Santo Tomás University, a difficulty in teaching this concept has been identified because the images presented in the classroom do not replace hands-on practice, which limits students' understanding. In view of this problem, the design of a macro model using CAD-CAM technology is proposed to enable more practical and meaningful learning. Objective: To design and create a macro model that facilitates learning about the ferrule effect and meets the needs of dentists in training, based on the opinions of experts and users from the Faculty of Dentistry at Santo Tomás University, 2025. Materials and methods: The study is qualitative, action research- based, and focuses on the systematization of experiences. Specialist teachers and undergraduate dentistry students participate through focus groups and semi-structured interviews. The intervention consists of the participatory design of a macro model based on a literature review and software modeling, considering variables such as understanding of the concept, pedagogical perception, and usefulness of the resource. The research is classified as risk-free, as it respects the confidentiality of the participants and has informed consent. Results: The findings show that the teaching of the ferrule effect is perceived as fragmented and rote, creating a gap between theory and practice. The macro model designed is recognized as an innovative tool that facilitates three- dimensional visualization of the concept, promotes interdisciplinarity between rehabilitation, endodontics, and periodontics, and strengthens the transition from theoretical knowledge to clinical practice. Conclusion: The macromodel is an effective pedagogical tool that integrates theory and practice, optimizes understanding of the ferrule effect, and contributes to improving preclinical training in oral rehabilitation, supporting its value as a teaching resource in dentistry.