Asociación entre las condiciones autoreportadas de riesgo para enfermedad periodontal y eventos crónicos, cohorte PURE Santander 2020

Abstract

Background: The unidirectional association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and periodontitis is characterized by the presence of periodontopathogenic microorganisms that induce an uncontrolled inflammatory immune response at the local level, which translocates the blood circulation, and increases systemic inflammation. Objective: To determine the association between self-reported risk conditions for developing periodontal disease and chronic events in the population resident in Santander. Methodology: Analytical cross-sectional study nested within the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological Study (PURE). Santander has 511 participants in the PURE cohort, eligible for the present study from whom follow-up information and chronic events (CVD and type 2 diabetes) were taken. A self-perception survey of oral and periodontal health was applied by telephone. The analysis was processed with STATA 12.0 software in descriptive terms, contingency tables for hypothesis testing and risk estimation through simple and multiple logistic models. Results: The response rate was 94.3%. There was a significant association (p<0.05) between high blood pressure (BP) and the last reason for consultation related to curative actions (30.1%), poor perception of oral health (64.7%) and gum alterations (38.8%). Being hypertensive denoted a risk of developing periodontal disease (OR 2.02 95% CI 1.21-3.37) and this was independent of demographic, socioeconomic and behavioral characteristics. Conclusion: ETS is significantly associated with self-reported risk conditions for periodontal disease such as having poor perception of oral health or signs of periodontal disease.