Una Aproximación a la Abstención Electoral en las Elecciones de Presidente y Vicepresidente de la República 2018 - 2022

Abstract

Colombia is a Social State of Law with a participatory electoral system, supported by democracy as a fundamental pillar of the organization of the State by that guaranteeing the division of powers, the freedom and equality of citizens to participate in the exercise of power, both as electors and elected, and protected by a presidential regime that concentrates 3 functions: head of State, Head of Government and Supreme Administrative Authority (Constitución Política, 1991), which is elected by vote of the citizens according to the rules established in the article 190 Superior and legal provisions applicable to the case. Between the years 2018 and 2022, 2 electoral contests have been held for the election of the President and Vice President of the Republic, in which there has been an average of 44.4% voter abstention, according to data collected by the National Administrative Department of Statistics, which leads to there being an underrepresentation in the executive, since the highest representative authority in the country is elected without the majority support due to different facts and causes that lead to the members of the electoral roll, that is, the Citizens authorized to exercise the right to vote do not go to the polls to present their support for the presidential and vice-presidential formulas in contention or for the blank vote, despite the different strategies for promoting the right to vote carried out by the electoral organization and the General condition; Therefore, qualitative data will be collected to address electoral abstention in the last two electoral contests and the causes that keep it present in the democratic events that take place in the country.