Riesgos y Alteraciones para la Salud Visual y Ocular del Segmento Anterior en Trabajadores de Soldadura de la Empresa Industrias Acuña en el Año 2021

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the risks and health and visual and ocular conditions of the anterior segment in the welding workers of the company Industrias Acuña in the year 2021. Methodology: A descriptive observational cross-sectional study was carried out in the company Industrias Acuña in the city of Bucaramanga, the participants chosen were 25 male welding workers linked to the company at the time of the study. Variables related to visual function and the state of the ocular surface were evaluated, and the conditions of the workplace were also characterized. The exploration of the anterior segment was carried out with a slit lamp and using fluorescein staining, as well as a visual screening and evaluation of the job, where factors such as: work posture, repetitive movements, movement manual loads, effort, lighting, noise, ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. In the statistical analysis, the calculation of measures of frequency, central tendency and dispersion is finished, taking into account the nature of the variables. Results: Welding workers were evaluated who had a median age of 34 years and a link time of 48 months (4 years), who complied with a working day of 8 hours of work per day, a period during which they made frequent rotations in their job, and made adequate use of personal protection elements; workers were exposed to physical risks that included: lighting, ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, which are directly related to the presence of pathologies such as: blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, eyelash madarosis, conjunctival hyperplasia, actinic and allergic conjunctivitis, corneal leukomas, meibomitis , pinguecula, pterygium and epithelial keratitis. Conclusions: The variables causing visual repercussions such as ionizing radiation, lighting and non-ionizing radiation were established at a medium and low level, respectively; For this reason, the prevalence of pathologies in the anterior segment of the workers was low, due to the fact that they did not have frequent exposures to radiation, had little presence of shadows in the workplace and had good adherence to the use of protection elements. staff provided by the company.