La fisioterapia como estrategia para prevenir los costos de las enfermedades laborales: revisión de alcance

Abstract

The project “Physiotherapy as a Strategy to Prevent the Costs of Occupational Diseases” aimed to analyze, based on scientific literature published between 2015 and 2024, the preventive physiotherapeutic strategies that contribute to reducing the costs associated with occupational diseases. The content addresses the analysis of preventive physiotherapy as a tool within the Occupational Health and Safety Management System (SG-SST), highlighting its role in promoting health, preventing musculoskeletal disorders, and optimizing organizational resources. The methodology was framed within a scoping review, which included the search, selection, and analysis of scientific articles, technical documents, and regulations from specialized databases. Studies that evaluated physiotherapeutic interventions applied in different productive sectors and measured their economic and functional impact were prioritized. The results showed that the most effective strategies were active breaks, postural education, ergonomics, and muscle-strengthening programs, which demonstrated a significant reduction in the incidence of occupational diseases and in the direct and indirect costs derived from medical treatments and temporary disabilities. In the discussion, a global trend was identified that recognizes preventive physiotherapy as a cost-effective investment, showing business savings between 20% and 40%, as well as improvements in productivity and worker well-being. In conclusion, preventive physiotherapy is consolidated as an integral strategy for occupational health, promoting safe and sustainable workplaces, reducing the economic burden on companies, and reinforcing the importance of the physiotherapist within the SG-SST as a key agent in managing well-being and organizational efficiency.