Especialización Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo

URI permanente para esta colecciónhttp://hdl.handle.net/11634/34857

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Condiciones ergonómicas de los puestos de trabajo y compromiso organizacional del personal administrativo de la Clínica Pajonal, del Municipio de Caucasia, Antioquia
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-07-24) Otero Cordero, Daniela; Rodelo Suarez, Eligio Andrés; González Pabon, Liceth Alexandra; Universidad Santo Tomas
The purpose of this consultancy was to evaluate the ergonomic conditions of administrative workstations, identify the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms, and analyze associated organizational factors in order to formulate recommendations aimed at improving working conditions. The process was carried out using diagnostic tools that included sociodemographic characterization, ergonomic evaluation using the ROSA methodology, identification of musculoskeletal symptoms using the Nordic Questionnaire, and measurement of organizational commitment using the Meyer and Allen scale. The population evaluated consisted of sixteen administrative workers, predominantly female and aged between 31 and 40, with more than one year of service in most cases. The results showed that 87% of workers had medium to high levels of ergonomic risk, mainly associated with prolonged postures, inadequate chair height, and incorrect monitor placement. Likewise, a high prevalence of musculoskeletal discomfort was identified, especially in the neck and lower back, which was consistent with the risk factors detected. In contrast, the organizational results showed high levels of work engagement, a favorable factor for the implementation of improvements. Based on the findings, recommendations were made regarding furniture adjustments, workplace adaptations, and the implementation of active breaks.
La Seguridad 4.0: La evolución de la prevención
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-07-24) Cuervo Figueredo, Nelson Fabian; Robayo Caycedo, Maria Jose; Florez Orejuela, Eduwin; Universidad Santo Tomás
This monograph analyzes Safety 4.0 as an evolution of traditional approaches to occupational risk prevention, driven by the integration of emerging technologies into industrial safety management. The study draws on a review of scientific and technical literature, aimed at two questions: which technologies dominate the field today, and how prevention methods are changing in digital production environments. The findings indicate that the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence, and data analytics expand monitoring capabilities and improve decision-making, while augmented reality supports the transition toward predictive and proactive prevention models. The results also point in a less optimistic direction. The successful implementation of Safety 4.0 does not depend on technology alone; its proper integration with organizational processes and human factors turns out to be equally decisive. These technologies offer significant opportunities to reduce occupational risk, yet they also bring challenges tied to change management and digital skills gaps. Beyond that, organizations face the need to operate within environments whose underlying logic differs substantially from the conventional one. Safety 4.0, then, emerges as a comprehensive approach that transforms occupational risk prevention and promotes safety systems aligned with the principles of Industry 4.0.
Factores de riesgo psicosociales asociados a los trastornos mentales y del comportamiento en trabajadores del sector salud: revisión de alcance (2019-2024)
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-07-24) Garcia Sandoval, Karla Julieth; Rodríguez Vásquez, Natalia; Reyes Duarte, Sonia Astrid; Universidad Santo Tomás
The present study aimed to analyze psychosocial risk factors associated with mental and behavioral disorders in health workers, based on a review of scientific literature published between 2019 and 2024. We developed a scope review with an integrative approach, by consulting databases such as Dialnet, Redalyc, SciELO, and Google Académico, using descriptors in Spanish, 12 documents were selected, which meet the inclusion criteria, which were analyzed by means of coding and information organization processes using the ATLAS.ti software, supported in the construction of semantic networks. As a result, a total of 60 codes were identified: 33 related to psychosocial risk factors, highlighting emotional demands as the most relevant factor, 12 associated with mental disorders, with burnout syndrome being the most prevalent, followed by stress, 5 related to health sector professions, and 10 to intervention strategies, showing greater involvement in nursing staff. The findings indicate a relationship between psychosocial working conditions and the occurrence of mental disorders, in a context characterized by high emotional, cognitive, and organizational demands. Also, the need to integrate available scientific evidence is highlighted to strengthen the understanding of the phenomenon and guide decision-making in safety and health at work. Finally, psychosocial training methods and stress management techniques are identified as relevant intervention strategies for health professionals.
Desórdenes musculoesqueléticos en trabajadores bajo modalidad de teletrabajo: revisión de alcance sobre factores de riesgo y manifestaciones clínicas
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-07-23) Cordoba Sanchez, Daila Catalina; Leon Peñuela, Ada Sandrith; Ardila Jaime, Claudia Patricia; Universidad Santo Tomas
This research aimed to analyze scientific evidence published between 2021 and 2025 on musculoskeletal disorders in teleworking, paying particular attention to biomechanical and organizational risk factors and ways to prevent them. To this end, 20 studies were analyzed from databases such as the Web of Science, Scopus, Redalyc, Dialnet, PubMed, and SciELO, selected according to clear inclusion criteria. The results showed that prolonged postures, the use of unsuitable furniture, and sedentary behavior were the most frequently reported biomechanical factors, primarily affecting the neck, lower back, and shoulders. Regarding organizational factors, work overload, lack of active breaks, and the absence of ergonomics training were the most commonly reported factors, which, combined with physical risks, exacerbate the problem. The recommendations were organized into three levels: what the worker can do, what the company must do, and what corresponds to the Occupational Health and Safety Management System, making it clear that no single measure is sufficient to solve the problem. It is concluded that musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in teleworking are a problem with many causes that affect a large proportion of workers, therefore requiring comprehensive strategies to address it. Furthermore, more studies are still needed, especially in sectors other than administration and technology, and with long-term follow-up.
Diseño de un sistema de gestión en seguridad y salud en el trabajo bajo la estructura de la Resolución 0312 de 2019 de la empresa Ferroeléctricos Villegas en Tuluá, Valle del Cauca
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-07-16) Badillo Trigos, Maria Andrea; Ibáñez Chinchilla, Mariana Alejandra; Villegas González, María Alejandra; Guzmán Rojas, Carlos Andrés; Universidad Santo Tomas
The objective of this consultancy was to design the Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS) for the company Ferroeléctricos Villegas, located in the municipality of Tuluá, Valle del Cauca, in accordance with the guidelines established in Resolution 0312 of 2019 and Decree 1072 of 2015. The project arose from the weaknesses identified during the initial diagnosis, which included deficiencies in the system's documentation, a lack of training programs, insufficient hazard identification, and low compliance with the minimum standards required by current regulations. Significant risks associated with the loading, unloading, storage, and handling of hardware materials were also identified. The methodology employed was developed under a descriptive and analytical approach, using tools such as self-assessment of minimum standards, the hazard identification and risk assessment matrix based on GTC 45 of 2012, gap analysis, and the PDCA cycle as a continuous improvement strategy. As a result, the basic documentation required for the Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS) was structured, priority risks present in operational activities were identified, and preventive actions were formulated to strengthen organizational management and legal compliance. Therefore, the system design contributes to improving working conditions, preventing accidents and occupational illnesses, strengthening a culture of prevention, and ensuring the company's organizational sustainability.
Estrategias de prevención de enfermedades laborales por exposición química en personal de salud en una clínica de Pereira
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-07-16) García Aragón, José Alfredo; Villegas Osorio, Natalia; Fernández David, María Alejandra; Jiménez Forero, Claudia Patricia; Universidad Santo Tomás
The objective of this research was to develop prevention strategies to reduce occupational diseases resulting from exposure to chemical substances among healthcare personnel at a clinic in Pereira, Colombia, by identifying the main chemical agents, characterizing their associated risk levels, and proposing preventive actions aimed at strengthening the Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS). The study adopted a descriptive and exploratory approach, supported by a comprehensive review of the scientific literature and current regulations. This was complemented by a semi-structured survey administered to 59 employees from the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Emergency Department, Central Sterilization Unit, and General Services, as well as a technical observation of workplace conditions. The findings revealed frequent exposure to chemical substances, particularly in the Central Sterilization Unit, Emergency Department, and ICU, along with the presence of respiratory and dermatological symptoms associated with such exposure. The study also identified deficiencies in employee training, knowledge of Safety Data Sheets (SDS), and the implementation of preventive measures for chemical risk control. The discussion highlighted the need to strengthen chemical risk management through comprehensive strategies that include continuous training, improvements in engineering and administrative controls, the proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and compliance with current occupational health and safety regulations. In conclusion, implementing these strategies will help reduce the likelihood of occupational diseases, reinforce a preventive safety culture, and improve the protection of healthcare workers against exposure to hazardous chemical agents.
Uso del teléfono móvil durante la conducción y su relación con la seguridad vial en conductores intermunicipales de Transportes Morichal S.A., Villavicencio (Meta)
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-07-16) Arcos Solano, Juan Camilo; Perez Martinez, Jairo Enrique; Universidad Santo Tomás
This document describes the process of characterizing mobile phone use while driving and its relationship to road safety among drivers of intercity buses operated by Transportes Morichal S.A. in Villavicencio, Meta, Colombia. The project was developed to analyze behaviors related to technological distraction while driving, using the guidelines of the Strategic Road Safety Plan(PESV), the Occupational Health and Safety Management System (SG-SST), and current national regulations on road safety management as supporting frameworks. Five phases were carried out to develop this monograph. The first phase involved a literature review of documentation related to the context, legislation, and institutional records of incidents and accidents, along with the operational status. Next, instruments for data collection, such as structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, were developed and tested, targeting drivers and operational personnel. Subsequently, a descriptive and comparative analysis of the information was conducted, which identified behavioral patterns related to mobile phone use and its impact on road safety within the organization. This analysis provided a diagnosis that helped identify operational andorganizational factors associated with distracting behaviors related to mobile phone use. Finally, an institutional prevention and control protocol was designed to consolidate a road safety culture and improve risk management within the company.
Diseño del Sistema de Gestión de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo basado en la resolución 0312 del 2019, para la empresa Edusys sistemas Ltda: Consultoría
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-07-14) Arenas Agredo, Christian Alonso; Agudelo Riaño, Mildred Alejandra; Universidad Santo Tomas
This study presents the foundations for the design of the Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OH&SMS) documentation for Edusys Sistemas Ltda., using the minimum standards established in Resolution 0312 of 2019 as a reference, with the aim of strengthening compliance with Colombian regulations and improving the preventive management of occupational risks. This consultancy project was developed through a mixed methodological approach, integrating qualitative components based on document review, direct observations, and process analysis across the company's operations, together with a quantitative component supported by the initial assessment of the minimum standards established in Resolution 0312 of 2019. This approach made it possible to determine the company's level of compliance with the established criteria and identify the gaps in relation to current regulatory requirements. Based on the initial diagnosis, the entire documentation and procedural structure of the management system was designed, including policies, programs, procedures, operational forms, matrices, and implementation schedules intended to support future deployment and execution. The proposed documentation constitutes a methodological tool that strengthens preventive management within the company, promotes compliance with the legal requirements established by Colombian occupational health and safety regulations, and provides a solid foundation for the continuous improvement of Occupational Health and Safety management
Propuesta documental del sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo, bajo los estándares de la Resolución 0312 del año 2019 para una empresa del sector construcción: Consultoría
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-07-08) Serna Muñoz, Yina Paola; Correa Bedoya, Natalia; Tovar Cabas, María Fernanda; Pardo Alza, Leimar Edimer; Universidad Santo Tomás
This consultancy project aims to design a comprehensive Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS) for the company Arma Constructores S.A.S., operating in the construction sector, in compliance with the guidelines established by Resolution 0312 of 2019 and Decree 1072 of 2015 in Colombia. The study followed a qualitative-descriptive methodology, structured under the PHVA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) cycle, allowing for the development of a contextualized, applicable, and sustainable system over time. A situational diagnosis was conducted through surveys, document review, and direct observation, revealing a critical level of regulatory compliance and highlighting the urgent need for structured intervention. A gap analysis and SWOT matrix were subsequently applied to identify internal and external factors affecting OHS management within the company. Based on these findings, the system’s core documentation was developed, including technical, administrative, and operational procedures. An action plan was proposed, defining responsibilities, timelines, monitoring indicators, and necessary resources. This project provides a strategic tool to mitigate occupational risks and strengthen the organizational culture regarding health and safety, while also offering a progressive compliance roadmap that enhances the company’s competitiveness and sustainability within the construction industry.
Factores de riesgo asociados al desarrollo de síndrome del túnel carpiano como enfermedad laboral frecuente en trabajadores de oficina: revisión de alcance
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-06-23) Contreras Balaguera, Cristhians Yorkanys; Monsalve Franco, Ingri Tatiana; Cepeda Buena, Viviana Alexandra; Universidad Santo Tomás
General Objective To analyze the risk factors associated with the development of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) among office workers, as reported in the scientific literature published between 2020 and 2025. Specific Objectives -To identify the primary occupational risk factors associated with the development of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome among office workers based on scientific literature published during the last five years. -To examine the physical consequences of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in office workers according to scientific evidence published between 2020 and 2025. -To propose evidence-based intervention and prevention strategies aimed at reducing the occurrence of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in office work environments. Scoping reviews are designed to map key concepts and synthesize the available evidence on a specific topic without being restricted to the critical appraisal of individual studies. Consequently, they constitute an appropriate methodological approach for examining multifactorial health conditions such as Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in office-based occupations. A systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines (Page et al., 2021), considering publications from 2020 to 2025. Through this process, the variables and indicators relevant to the present study were identified in 19 scientific articles, enabling the research questions to be addressed comprehensively. A pathophysiological analysis is essential for understanding the mechanisms underlying injury development. The reviewed studies indicate that maintaining the wrist in extreme flexion or extension positions leads to a substantial increase in intracarpal hydrostatic pressure. Consequently, office furniture and workstation designs that fail to support a neutral wrist posture may contribute directly to neural ischemia and subsequent neurological damage. The physical consequences of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome among administrative personnel encompass a progressive spectrum of impairment, evolving from sensory dysfunction to motor deficits that adversely affect functional independence, work performance, and overall productivity.
Riesgos psicosociales del teletrabajo y su impacto en la salud mental: una monografía de revisión en el marco del sistema de gestión de seguridad y salud en el trabajo (2020 - 2024)
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-06-23) Muñetón Martínez, León David; Cortes Zabala, Zuly Janeth; Universidad Santo Tomás
In this study, analyze the psychosocial risks associated with telework and their impact on workers' mental health, based on a review of scientific literature published between 2020 and 2024. This research is framed within the Occupational Health and Safety Management System (SG-SST), considering the increasing implementation of remote work and its implications for psychological well-being. Throughout the study, identify key risk factors such as work overload, social isolation, difficulties in digital disconnection, and the blurred boundaries between work and personal life. Likewise, examine how these factors contribute to mental health issues, including stress, anxiety, emotional exhaustion, and other related disorders. Finally, based on the analyzed evidence, propose recommendations aimed at strengthening telework management within the SG-SST, with an emphasis on prevention, intervention, and the promotion of psychosocial well-being among workers. This analysis contributes to understanding the current challenges of digital work environments and highlights the need to implement healthy organizational practices.
Estudio de factores de riesgo biomecánico vinculados a las lesiones musculoesqueléticas en trabajadores de call center
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-06-23) López Soto, Allison Michelle; Poveda Ortega, Laura Sofia; Fuentes Arias, Jorge Emilio; Ayala Sarasty, Juliana; Universidad Santo Tomas
The objective of this monograph is to analyze the available evidence on biomechanical risk factors associated with the development of musculoskeletal injuries in call center workers. It was conducted using a qualitative approach through the analysis of 16 scientific articles published between 2015 and 2025. The results allowed the identification of three biomechanical risk factors: posture as the most relevant factor, repetitive movements with greater impact on the upper limbs, and muscle load related to sustained physical effort, which act simultaneously increasing the risk of injury to the worker. On the other hand, it was found that the neck (90%) and the lumbar region (78%) are the most affected body segments, followed by the upper limbs, especially wrists and shoulders. Likewise, sedentary activities, continuous use of screens, and the absence of active breaks increase biomechanical load, raising the risk of developing musculoskeletal injuries. These findings are related to theoretical models that determine the accumulation of mechanical load in tissues and its impact on workers' health. Keywords: biomechanical risk factor, musculoskeletal injuries, ergonomics, call center, physical load.
Factores de riesgos biomecánicos y sus efectos sobre la salud en trabajadores del sector de microempresas de manufactura en Colombia: Revisión documental 2020 - 2025
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-06-22) Diandra Marcela Urbina Daza; Santiago Tamayo Escobar; Yolicette Bolívar Cabarcas ; Universidad Santo Tomas
This research aimed to analyze biomechanical risk factors and their effects on the health of workers in the manufacturing sector in Colombia, based on scientific literature published between 2020 and 2025. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach and a documentary review design in the form of a scoping monograph, following the guidelines established by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Ergonomics was addressed as a discipline focused on adapting working conditions to human capabilities in order to promote safety, health, and productivity. From the biomechanical model perspective, continuous exposure to physical forces, repetitive movements, awkward postures, and manual material handling can lead to musculoskeletal disorders due to the accumulation of microtrauma in muscles, tendons, and joints. Information was collected through a systematic review of scientific articles, books, technical reports, and national and international regulations. The selected studies were organized into a documentary review matrix to facilitate analysis. Findings were classified into categories related to ergonomics, biomechanical risks, musculoskeletal disorders, working conditions, productivity, and preventive measures. The results showed that the main biomechanical risks in manufacturing microenterprises are awkward postures, repetitive movements, and manual handling of loads. These factors are significantly associated with occupational diseases such as low back pain, tendinitis, carpal tunnel syndrome, and neck pain, negatively affecting workers’ health, increasing absenteeism, and reducing productivity. The review also identified the most commonly reported preventive measures, including ergonomic workstation redesign, active break programs, and the application of ergonomic assessment methods. However, their implementation remains limited due to economic, technical, and training constraints. Consequently, biomechanical risks continue to represent a significant occupational health challenge in Colombia’s manufacturing sector.
Impacto de los factores de riesgo psicosocial en los trabajadores de call center: revisión de alcance
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-06-18) Osorio Gómez, Johana Carolina; Salas Perdomo, María Daniela; Alvarado Polo, Lucy Fernanda; Cortés Zabala, Zuly Janeth; Universidad Santo Tomás
This research is a qualitative, documentary study that involved a literature review on the impacts of psychosocial risk factors on call center workers. It analyzed the main consequences of these factors, their effects on service quality, and identified strategies and recommendations for improving the mental health of this workforce. The review revealed that call center workers, due to constant exposure to conditions of mental and emotional overload, face a high risk of experiencing work-related stress, anxiety disorders, depression, sleep disorders, physical, emotional, and mental exhaustion, or burnout syndrome (referred to in this document as "burned-out worker syndrome"). They also experience job demotivation, irritability, frustration, and low job performance. These issues impact not only the mental health and job performance of the workers but also the organizations themselves, resulting in low productivity, decreased service quality, absenteeism, employee turnover, high staff turnover, increased accidents and occupational illnesses, and a deteriorating organizational climate. Finally, it is concluded that beyond compliance with existing regulations in Colombia, it is important to strengthen strategies for the prevention and promotion of mental health among call center workers. This can be achieved through motivational campaigns, wellness programs, emotional support strategies, flexible work schedules, promotion of healthy lifestyles, resilience building, training in stress management and assertive communication, as well as actions aimed at preventing work overload and improving working conditions. These measures contribute to the well-being of workers and the sustainability of organizations.
Implicaciones de la fatiga digital en el estado de salud de los teletrabajadores: una revisión de alcance
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-06-12) Molina Pelayo, Daniela Marcela; Diaz Mercado, Daniela; Monroy Triana, Fabiola; Buitrago Buitrago, Jhosman Alfonso; Universidad Santo Tomás
Digital fatigue is an emerging issue in the field of occupational safety and health, linked to the rise in remote work and the intensive use of digital technologies. It involves physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes that affect workers’ well-being. This study conducted a review of the scientific literature on the implications of digital fatigue for the health of teleworkers, covering publications from 2020 to 2026. The research was conducted as a scoping review, following the methodological recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, using databases such as Scopus and PubMed. Studies were organized and selected using the Rayyan platform, applying established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Fifteen studies were identified for qualitative analysis. The results showed that the main symptoms associated with digital fatigue are eye strain, headaches, musculoskeletal pain, stress, anxiety, mental exhaustion, and reduced psychological well-being. Risk factors were also identified, such as prolonged screen exposure, work-related hyperconnectivity, digital overload, excessive videoconferencing, difficulty disconnecting, and inadequate home environment conditions. Preventive strategies were reported, such as ergonomic workplace adjustments and the promotion of active breaks
Plan de prevención para mitigar los riesgos psicosociales y fortalecer la salud emocional de los docentes de educación pública básica primaria y secundaria en el distrito de Buenaventura
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-06-06) Peña Aldana, Julián David; Urrutia Escaño, Steven Manuel; Rentería, Magda Marcela; Álvarez, Jenny Milena; Universidad Santo Tomás
Objective: To design a prevention plan aimed at mitigating psychosocial risks and strengthening the emotional well-being of public primary and secondary school teachers in the Buenaventura district. Content: The study analyzes the main psychosocial risk factors affecting teachers’ mental health, including work overload, stress, emotional exhaustion, unfavorable organizational conditions, and demands associated with the educational e nvironment. It also reviews international, national, and local evidence related to teachers’ mental health. Methodology: A compilation monograph was conducted using a qualitative and descriptive documentary approach. A systematic review of scientific literature published between 2020 and 2025 was carried out using databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, as well as institutional sources related to the Colombian teaching profession. Results: The review revealed that psychosocial risks are an increasing concern for teachers worldwide. The most common factors identified were work overload, pressure to achieve results, role ambiguity, lack of institutional recognition, a nd limited emotional support strategies. These factors are associated with occupational stress, anxiety, depression, and burnout syndrome. Discussion: The findings highlight the need to strengthen psychosocial risk management through preventive actions that promote emotional well-being and improve teachers’ working conditions, particularly in vulnerable contexts such as Buenaventura. Conclusions: A prevention plan is proposed to reduce psychosocial risk factors and strengthen teachers’ emotional health. Its implementation may improve quality of life, reduce absenteeism, and contribute to a healthier educational environment.
Desórdenes musculoesqueléticos en trabajadores del sector de la construcción: revisión de alcance de factores de riesgo ergonómicos y estrategias de intervención
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-06-05) Echeverri Silva, Devyani k´mila; Gutierrez Carrillo, Valentina; Gonzalez Pabon, Liceth Alexandra; Universidad Santo Tomas
usculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) represent one of the leading causes of occupational disease in the construction sector due to their impact on workers’ health, functional capacity, and productivity. In this context, the present study aimed to analyze and map the available scientific evidence related to ergonomic risk factors and intervention strategies associated with MSDs among construction workers. This research was conducted through a Scoping Review developed under the PRISMA-ScR methodological guidelines, internationally recognized for the systematic organization and reporting of this type of review. The bibliographic search was carried out in different scientific databases and included publications between 2010 and 2025. This time frame was selected due to the growing number of studies related to occupational ergonomics, epidemiological surveillance, and biomechanical risk management in the construction sector. Initially, 93 potentially relevant studies were identified. After applying the previously established inclusion and exclusion criteria and conducting the evaluation process through a checklist, 29 studies were selected for the final analysis. The excluded studies did not meet the eligibility criteria, mainly because they were not directly related to the construction sector or did not address ergonomic risk factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders. The findings showed that the main ergonomic risk factors were manual material handling, awkward postures, repetitive movements, and prolonged exposure to high biomechanical loads. To a lesser extent, factors related to work organization were also identified. Likewise, frequent use of ergonomic assessment methods such as REBA, RULA, and OWAS was identified. These methods were used to quantify biomechanical exposure and support preventive intervention strategies focused on reducing MSDs. Overall, the results indicate that although there is consolidated scientific evidence regarding ergonomic risk factors in the construction sector, limitations persist in the effective implementation of preventive interventions within occupational environments. Therefore, the study highlights the need to strengthen ergonomic risk management within the framework of Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems (OHSMS), especially through the design and implementation of musculoskeletal epidemiological surveillance programs
Factores de riesgo psicosocial y su influencia en el bienestar laboral del personal docente de la Institución Educativa María Montessori en Acacías (Meta), según la Resolución 2646 de 2008
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-05-27) Blanco López, Deisy Viviana; Puentes Berdugo, Duván Steeven; Universidad Santo Tomás
The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of psychosocial risk factors on the occupational well-being of the teaching staff at the María Montessori Educational Institution, located in the municipality of Acacías (Meta), within the framework of Resolution 2646 of 2008. The research was conducted using a mixed-methods approach with a concurrent design, allowing for the integration of quantitative and qualitative data to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon under study. The quantitative component involved the application of the Battery of Instruments for the Assessment of Psychosocial Risk Factors, while the qualitative component was addressed through semi-structured interviews with teachers. The results indicate that workload and job demands are the main psychosocial risk factors, with a significant presence of high and very high stress levels. Additionally, the qualitative analysis revealed physical and emotional manifestations associated with these demands, along with a positive perception of social support and organizational climate, which function as partial protective factors. Based on the triangulation of findings, technical and preventive recommendations were formulated to guide institutional psychosocial risk management, grounded in Resolution 2646 of 2008 and aligned with the Occupational Health and Safety Management System. The study concludes that structural interventions aimed at optimizing work organization and promoting a balance between job demands and teachers’ physical and emotional recovery are essential to strengthen occupational well-being and ensure the sustainability of human talent in the educational context.
Inteligencia artificial en el análisis predictivo de accidentes laborales como estrategia para fortalecer el Sistema de Gestión de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo: una revisión de alcance
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-05-27) Chaparro Concha, Jeniffer; Araujo Plaza, Ana María; Jaimes Gallo, Liliana Marcela; Flórez Orejuela, Eduwin Andrés; Universidad Santo Tomás
Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) management has traditionally focused on reactive actions, which limits the ability to anticipate workplace accidents. In this context, artificial intelligence emerges as an alternative that can strengthen prevention through the use of predictive analysis models. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to analyze the use of these tools in predicting workplace accidents as a strategy to support and improve the Occupational Health and Safety Management System, based on a review of scientific evidence published between 2019 and 2025. A scoping review was conducted through a systematic search of information in international academic databases such as Scopus and ScienceDirect, complemented by academic search engines like Google Scholar and university institutional repositories. The search included research articles, review papers, technical documents, and relevant regulations in both Spanish and English. The collected information was organized according to application sectors, techniques used, and reported results. The findings show an increase in scientific production on the use of artificial intelligence in OHS, with a predominance of machine learning techniques such as Random Forest and Support Vector Machines. These tools contribute to risk anticipation and decision-making processes; however, they also present limitations related to data quality, technological requirements, and ethical considerations. Overall, their application can support the strengthening of OHS management systems, provided that appropriate technical and organizational conditions are in place.
Estrategias, beneficios y limitaciones de la promoción de estilos de vida saludable en el lugar de trabajo: revisión de alcance
(Universidad Santo Tomás, 2026-05-22) Márquez Ruiz, Jhon Alexander; Ovalle Rivera, Liseth Johana; Verbel Burgos, Eveling Sandrith; Vera Avila, Cesar Augusto; Universidad Santo Tomas
The promotion of healthy lifestyles in the workplace represents a priority strategy for workers' well-being and organizational sustainability. This study aimed to analyze the strategies, benefits, and limitations of this promotion based on the scientific evidence available between 2020 and 2025, through a scoping review that followed the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley (2005), updated by the Joanna Briggs Institute (Peters et al., 2020). The search was conducted in five databases: Scopus, PubMed, SciELO, Redalyc, and Google Scholar, using search equations built under the PCC methodology in both Spanish and English. Out of a total of 6,700 identified records, 40 studies that met the established eligibility criteria were selected. The findings showed that multicomponent interventions, combining educational, environmental transformation, and organizational approaches, are the most effective in promoting sustained changes in workers' habits. Documented benefits included improvements in physical and mental health indicators, reductions in absenteeism of up to 28%, and returns on investment exceeding 2.7 dollars for every dollar invested. The main limitations identified were low sustained participation among workers, lack of managerial support, insufficient resources in small and medium-sized enterprises, and labor informality, which in Colombia reaches 57.2% of the employed population. It is concluded that, while the evidence supports the effectiveness of these programs, their implementation in contexts of high informality such as Colombia requires adapted strategies and organizational policies that integrate well-being as a genuine institutional priority.

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