analisis de la sostenibilidad hidrica de las dos microcuencas la zapatoca y el ramo que abastecen al municipio de zapatoca, santander, por medio de la metodologia de la huella hidrica.

Abstract

The municipality of Zapatoca, Santander, is a population where phenomena such as El Niño occur and is affected by climate change, in the same way the increase in the demand for water resources due to tourism and population growth have generated a shortage of this, followed by this It does not have suitable hydraulic infrastructure, nor relevant climate information to mitigate these risks. In this study, the water footprint of the municipality was calculated, where an analysis is carried out to evaluate the management of the municipality's water resources as a methodology to generate an analysis of the water sustainability of the municipality and in this way compare it with the offer capable of generating the two the Zapatoca and Ramo micro-basins, which supply the rural and urban areas of the municipality. To carry out the aforementioned, it was necessary to know the current state of the study area, where climatological characteristics, land uses of the municipality, vegetation cover, average flows of the streams that supply the municipality, among others, were consulted. Once the study area was contextualized, the methodology for calculating the water footprint of the municipality was executed, which consisted of the collection, organization and analysis of climatological, geographic data, and supply and demand of water consumption, which through the use of theoretical complementation methods and incorporated in the database of the Argis, Cropwat and Climat Soil software. In the results obtained from the calculation of the water footprint, the economic sectors that represent a high water consumption were identified, which in this case was the agricultural sector, in addition to making the comparison of the supply and demand of said sectors, these become unsustainable. , since the supply generated by the Zapatoca and Ramo micro-basins are not sufficient to supply the agricultural and livestock sector, especially in the months of January, February, November and December.