Solidos disueltos: un reto en el análisis de tratamiento en los sistemas de saneamiento

Abstract

Colombia has different reports on the number of municipalities that have WWTPs, according to the UNICEF analysis (Acuatecnica, 2017), it is mentioned that "there are currently 562 plants installed in different municipalities of the country, but it is evident that only the 10% of these systems have a favorable operation”, in the same way mentioned by the Superintendency of Home Public Services (Superservicios) indicates that only 48.2% of the sites in Colombia have Wastewater Treatment Plants, which wants That is, “of 1,122 municipalities registered by Dane, only 541 have some type of WWTP” (Venegas, 2018), evidencing in some way the effect of diseases, such as: Cholera, poliomyelitis, infectious hepatitis, hookworm, ascariasis, leptospirosis , giardiasis, among others; and all the ecosystem and environmental effects that it has caused as its growth in pollution. The dissolved solids have sizes equal to or less than 2 microns and by having a content appreciated within the characterization, the importance of the treatment required is visualized, and what would be the method that works to purify it. Likewise, it is known that the treatment requires “three types of treatment (pretreatment, biological and physical-chemical process)” (Spena, 2021), each of them can vary depending on the quantity and quality of the water. Therefore, a description of the current problem is made, as a fundamental basis for the critical elaboration of the benefit of wastewater treatment systems with respect to the second type of treatment (Biological treatment), since technology has developed innovative elements for the use of these Cleaning processes, however, according to wastewater purification systems have advantages and disadvantages, therefore, the information on biological treatment will be analyzed from the angle of dissolved solids..