Evaluación del Potencial Energético de Pollinaza y Residuos de Poscosecha de Rosas mediante Co-Digestión Anaerobia

Abstract

The potential uses of the residual biomass as an alternative source of energy and its possible technological schemes of exploitation, require that the knowledge of the specific aspects related to its supply, composition and energetic potential be deepened. The poultry and floriculture sector generate high amounts of waste that can be transformed into energy. In this research, the biogas generation potential of the pollinaza mixed with postharvest residues of roses was determined, which was obtained from anaerobic codigestion. This process was carried out in three stages; the first where a physicochemical characterization of each substrate was carried out taking into account the protocols of soil and plant tissue analysis methods. In the second stage, the digestion process was carried out for beds of three months, six months and 2.5 years, working with organic loads of 18.23 gSV, 3.76 gSV and 2.66 gSV respectively, where the poultry litter 3 months was the largest producer of biogas with 700 mLCH4/gSV, followed by 6 months with 153 mL CH4/gSV and being the 2.5-year-old poultry man who produced the least biogas with 151 mL CH4/gSV. In the final stage, we worked with the 3-month-old poultry manure and postharvest residues of roses where the anaerobic co-digestion process was carried out. Organic loads of 0.5 gSV, 1.25 gSV and 2 gSV were defined. The results obtained indicated that with the co-digestion process and a load of 0.5 gSV, smaller amounts of substrates are used in the same way, the process is optimized and the production of biogas is increased, obtaining as a result 2560 mLCH4/ gSV. The economic viability of the project was verified, the thermal energy used in the farm was compared with that produced by co-digestion. The useful life of the biodigester is 6 years since in this time it is necessary to invest again approximately 65% corresponding to the initial investment, the biodigester supplies 56.73% of the thermal energy currently used by the farm. The net present value (NPV) is of $ 42'914.308 and the IRR is 150%, this reflects that the project is viable, the CPI was taken from the last seven years with a value of 4.28%. The project generates 46534789.62 kcal / year of propane gas that corresponds to a saving in the value of the bill of $ 8'439.751.851 a year for the company Agroinca Ltda.