Evaluación biomecánica de daño en hueso trabecular primario de la epífisis femoral en infantes de 6 años de edad. Modelo computacional 3d usando elementos finitos

Abstract

The study of Legg - Calvé - Perthes disease (LCPD) is of great importance since it affects in stages of growth where bones and joints are constantly changing. This pathology is caused by lack of blood supply mainly and because it is a rare disease it is difficult to perform a correct diagnosis. Because the treatments for these types of needs require requirements surgical or invasive in patients and do not always meet their objective, the use of tools computational techniques becomes a viable alternative for the analysis of these pathologies and to understand their natural course and the possible generation of containment methods, however, different load models have been implemented under which the biomechanical behavior of the bone tissue involved can be evaluated, but there is no consensus on the most suitable type of model to be implemented in this type of study. From computed tomography (CT) scans, the physiological CAD model and a pathological one of the hip were reconstructed. of a 6-year-old infant, and from computer simulation the behavior of the hip was studied under healthy and necrotic conditions taking into account a vector load model and a muscle load model. The results show the advantages and disadvantages that arise when implementing a load model in specific versus another. A vector load model that allows a good representation of the behavior of the hip joint while the muscle loading model provides better approximations in areas specific to the hip. However, the muscle model demands a more exhaustive process in the construction of its load model which may not be necessary depending on the interest of the study.