Estimación del Flujo de Carbono en el Suelo del Sistema Piloto Agroforestal de Cacao Establecido en el Campus Limonal

Abstract

Climate change significantly affects people's quality of life and biodiversity, considering its negative impact on the planet's temperature. Excessive emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) strongly influences climate change. The present study focuses on the ability to capture carbon dioxide CO2 (from soil and atmosphere) and its subsequent storage in agroforestry systems of cocoa (AFS). This strategy mitigates GHG, reduces air pollution, and promotes biodiversity conservation and sustainable practices. The case study was realized in the Agroforestry Pilot Systems of Cocoa at the “Universidad Santo Tomás Campus el Limonal”, punctual sampling was made with the EGM-5 and Ceptometer equipment measuring the variables CO2, Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) above and below the canopy, and Leaf Area Index (LAI), among others. The analysis information included: (a) exploratory data analysis, (b) comparison of carbon fluxes measured in situ with reanalysis data of external climatic variables (ERA5, ERA5-Land) and IDEAM, and (c) soil mapping from spatial prediction and interpolation with geostatistical and deterministic methods. The results revealed (a) right-skewed, positively asymmetric CO2 in the different systems with EGM-5 measurements, (b) positive correlations between precipitation and CO2, similar global trends with significant differences in mean values comparing reanalysis variables and (c) it was generated continuous maps of hourly, daily, and monthly means using average autocorrelation distances of 15 meters.