Formulación de un plan de negocio para la fabricación de postes y mangueras a partir de la transformación del plástico recuperado en el municipio de Cumaribo, Vichada.

Abstract

Cumaribo is a colombian municipality located in the Vichada department, with an extension of 65.193 km² and a population of 38.634 inhabitants according to the Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística (DANE) projections; this municipality has shortcomings in the final disposal of solid waste, since they dispose their waste in La Esmeralda landfill, which is collapsed and with a closure warning control by the Corporación Autónoma Regional de la Orinoquía (CORPORINOQUIA). With the purpose of mitigate the negative impacts, which are caused by the inadequate final disposal of municipal solid waste, emerge a business idea for the recovery and transformation of the high density polyethylene (HDPE), the low density polyethylene (LDPE) and the polypropylene (PP), for the manufacture and marketing of plastic poles and hoses. For the development of the business plan, 4 phases were carried out, in the first phase, a market study was carried out to determine the degree of acceptance of the products and the availability of the raw material, the second phase consisted of the identification of technological models for the treatment of plastic waste, where exhaustive research was carried out to know the strategies for cleaner production and closed cycle in the production process, in the third phase a normative analysis was carried out and the organizational structure of the company was established, finally, in the fourth phase, a financial study was carried out to demonstrate the economic profitability of the project. The methodology used in the project was characterized for being qualitative to broach the subjective and individual analysis of technological models with cleaner production and quantitative to use the statistical analysis of the data obtained. Based on the results obtained the economic viability was demonstrated through the financial indicators, the development of the statement of income, balance sheet, cash flow and the internal rate of return. Additionally, it was evidenced that the conformation of the company ECOPLASVI S.A.S., would represent an environmental alternative for the municipality, since it would use 3 types of plastic waste not used as raw material; also, the start-up of the company would benefit the economy of the region through the generation of direct and indirect jobs.