Elaboración de una metodología que facilite la articulación de la zonificación Ambiental del POMCA del Río Guavio en el Esquema de Ordenamiento Territorial del Municipio de Gachalá, Cundinamarca.

Abstract

This methodology is proposed and built based on the existing problems in the country with respect to the articulation between the Hydrographic Basin Planning and Management Plans (POMCA) and the Territorial Planning Plans (POT), currently the municipalities are carrying out the updating of its second generation POTs, for which it is necessary to comply with current legal regulations and its provisions, including Law 388 of 1997 Territorial Planning. From the foregoing, Law 388 of 1997, specifically in its article 10, provides that the municipalities and districts in the preparation and adoption of their Territorial Ordering Plans -POT must take into account the "determinants that constitute norms of superior hierarchy in their own spheres of competence. Taking into account that the POMCA correspond to an instrument of superior hierarchy and that its products such as the programmatic component, risk management component and environmental zoning correspond to environmental determinants for the municipalities and that they must be incorporated and articulated in their models of planning. From the foregoing, a methodology is proposed for the territorial entity, its government teams, who are responsible for formulating, reviewing, adjusting and updating the Territorial Planning Scheme-EOT of the municipality of Gachalá, the Municipal Council, responsible for approving the instrument, to the Territorial Planning Council, responsible for reviewing and issuing concepts on the review proposal, and to all other stakeholders who participate in the territorial ordering processes. The reasons why the municipality of Gachalá was selected to carry out the study are explained, among which it is mentioned that the municipality to date is carrying out its process of review and adjustment of the Territorial Planning Scheme, as well as the ease of access To the information, it is also mentioned that it is located in a strategic and significant region in terms of biodiversity and provision of ecosystem services with a significant main ecological structure-EEP in its territory, where the first largest hydroelectric power plant in Colombia is located. , representing 11.39% of the country's hydroelectric supply, with a shelter and water resource supply system called Chingaza, as well as a presentation of invaluable and incalculable landscape beauty. Based on the description previously made under the vision of the existing problem, the phases of the methodological process that was carried out for the development of this study are described, a methodology projected from four (04) strategic phases, this methodology may be applied to other municipalities and must be adjusted according to the environmental and territorial needs and determinants of each of the municipalities where it is to be applied. The first phase consists of a review of the state of the art in order to validate if there are methodologies and research projects on the articulation of the POMCA with the instruments of territorial ordering, specifically the environmental zoning of the POMCA of the Guavio River in the Territorial Ordering Scheme. This is how the research gains strength and reflects the need to propose a methodology that allows the municipality of Gachalá, in its review and adjustment process, to have some guidelines that will lead it to achieve a successful agreement with the environmental authority. Likewise, for the second phase of the proposed methodology, a cartographic selection and identification of the environmental determinants applicable to the municipality are carried out, and maps are drawn up which generate a vision of the territory in environmental aspects for decision-making. In its third phase, the development of the methodology shows the inclusion of the environmental determinants of the POMCA of the Guavio River in the Territorial Planning Scheme of the municipality and a pilot exercise is carried out based on the results of the environmental zoning of the POMCA; exercise carried out with two randomly selected properties and one of them located in the Conservation-Environmental Protection Category and the other in the Multiple Use category, in accordance with the provisions of the POMCA Formulation Guide in its environmental zoning as the only two existing categories in this phase. For this phase and with the zoning carried out on these two properties, the guiding strategies to be implemented in the proposed occupation model of the municipality are shown. In the fourth and last phase of the proposed methodology, the mechanisms of socialization and participation with the community are described, in this way the municipality will have guidelines that must be taken into account when articulating the environmental zoning of the POMCA of the Guavio River with the Scheme of Territorial Ordering of the Municipality of Gachalá, which will allow structuring programs and projects to be included in the programmatic component of the territorial occupation model, for future decision-making on the territory. Finally, the research project conceptualized recommendations and conclusions about the study carried out in the municipality of Gachalá Cundinamarca.