Evaluación del efecto de las férulas NTI en estudiantes con diagnóstico de sinovitis de la Facultad de Odontología Universidad Santo Tomás

Abstract

Temporomandibular disorders can be triggered by factors such as mechanical stress, adaptability (of the host), trauma or other psychological factors, likewise, pain can significantly affect the quality of life of diagnosed patients. The origin of temporomandibular disorders is multifactorial and stand out as the main causes: unclusive interference or disorder, parafunctions and structural incompatibilities of the TTM, and in addition to all this, triggering or aggravating psychologicalsocial factor, stress, bruxism, unilateral chewing, onicofagia, occlusion disturbances and tooth loss (11). Synovitis is characterized by inflammation, in which cytokines of the type of interleukin 1 and 6 are released, tumor necrosis factor leucotyrene B4, thromboxane and prostaglandins E2, 3.4 these cytokines will produce an enzyme called phospholipase A2 that is going to act directly on the type B cells of the synod, decreasing the flow of synovial fluid causing friction, as well as the elongation of collateral ligament cells, moving the joint disc to the anterior and medial part (49). Objective: Determining the effectiveness of NTI splint use in relation to perceived pain by students of I to V Semester diagnosed with synovitis enrolled in the second half of 2018 of the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Santo Tomás, Campus Floridablanca. Materials and methods: quantitative and its design is quasi-experimental, the population under study were 449 students from I to V Semester, enrolled in the Faculty of Dentistry at St. Thomas University, FloridaBlanca Headquarters in the second half of 2018. Results: Significant changes were shown with moderate evolution when using the splint in students who expressed pain when chewing, on the other hand, mild evolution occurs in people with a history of headache or migraine. Nearly half of the participants with eccentric bruxism disappeared the pain and less than half of those with oniphagia referred to the disappearance of pain. Conclusions: In almost all students, the effectiveness of nTI splint use in terms of disappearance of pain was determined, women are the most affected by synovitis in 70%, the most affected age group is 16-18. The educational level of the students are those enrolled in the second semester, but the ones that had the best evolution in pain were the first semester. No variable of etiological factors for synovitis presented statistically significant differences in relation to the disappearance of pain. Chewing gum was the most common habit.