Historias en prensa: recuperación de la memoria histórica sobre prácticas comunicativas con voceadores de prensa en la Bogotá de los años 40’s a los 70’s
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2015
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Universidad Santo Tomás
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Los estudios sobre historia de la prensa escrita en Colombia se ha centrado en dos temas, principalmente: su relación con la política y las élites del poder, y en segunda instancia, los efectos de la violencia, en cualquiera de sus expresiones (armada, censura de contenidos, asesinatos a periodistas, entre otros). Por esa razón, se han desconocido otras voces que enriquecen esa historia contada a partir de las figuras públicas, de voces oficiales y no de los otros actores sociales de los medios impresos. En esa línea, se han ignorado los relatos de los voceadores, quienes son mencionados en textos históricos como ‘vendedores de periódicos’. Pero más allá de la función que desempeñan dentro del proceso de distribución de la prensa, hay microrrelatos que dan cuenta de ese valor socio-cultural que tiene su oficio. El abordaje que se hará desde la Comunicación Social se hace interesante por la reconstrucción de las prácticas comunicativas con las que el pregonero deja de ser catalogado como un vendedor, y adopta el rol de sujeto con tácticas y habilidades comunicativas, como lo reseña esta investigación, resignificando su oficio. Esto es importante si se tiene en cuenta que muchos de los que trabajan en esta labor iniciaron desde niños y, en la mayoría de casos, ni siquiera habían asistido a una escuela, como lo relatan algunos textos sobre trabajo infantil en el país, pues este era un oficio de segunda y mal remunerado. En ese sentido, nuestra investigación es de corte cualitativo, que usa como herramienta de trabajo la recolección de microhistorias, característica de la investigación histórica, y que se centra en las prácticas comunicativas de los voceadores. Con eso se podrán reconstruir microrrelatos sobre su oficio, a partir de sus testimonios, lo cual aportará otra mirada a la historia de la prensa en Colombia
Abstract
Studies on the history of the written press in Colombia have focused on two themes, mainly: its relationship with politics and power elites, and secondly, the effects of violence, in any of its expressions (armed, censorship of contents, murders of journalists, among others). For this reason, other voices that enrich that story told from public figures, official voices and not from other social actors in the print media have been unknown. Along these lines, the stories of the spokespersons, who are mentioned in historical texts as ‘newspaper vendors’, have been ignored. But beyond the role they play in the press distribution process, there are micro stories that account for the socio-cultural value of their profession. The approach that will be taken from Social Communication is made interesting by the reconstruction of the communication practices with which the town crier ceases to be classified as a seller, and adopts the role of subject with communication tactics and skills, as this research reviews, resignifying his trade. This is important if one takes into account that many of those who work in this work started as children and, in most cases, had not even attended a school, as some texts on child labor in the country relate, as this It was a second-rate job and poorly paid. In this sense, our research is of a qualitative nature, using the collection of microhistories as a working tool, characteristic of historical research, and which focuses on the communicative practices of the spokesmen. With this, it will be possible to reconstruct micro-stories about his trade, based on his testimonies, which will provide another look at the history of the press in Colombia.
Studies on the history of the written press in Colombia have focused on two themes, mainly: its relationship with politics and power elites, and secondly, the effects of violence, in any of its expressions (armed, censorship of contents, murders of journalists, among others). For this reason, other voices that enrich that story told from public figures, official voices and not from other social actors in the print media have been unknown. Along these lines, the stories of the spokespersons, who are mentioned in historical texts as ‘newspaper vendors’, have been ignored. But beyond the role they play in the press distribution process, there are micro stories that account for the socio-cultural value of their profession. The approach that will be taken from Social Communication is made interesting by the reconstruction of the communication practices with which the town crier ceases to be classified as a seller, and adopts the role of subject with communication tactics and skills, as this research reviews, resignifying his trade. This is important if one takes into account that many of those who work in this work started as children and, in most cases, had not even attended a school, as some texts on child labor in the country relate, as this It was a second-rate job and poorly paid. In this sense, our research is of a qualitative nature, using the collection of microhistories as a working tool, characteristic of historical research, and which focuses on the communicative practices of the spokesmen. With this, it will be possible to reconstruct micro-stories about his trade, based on his testimonies, which will provide another look at the history of the press in Colombia.
Studies on the history of the written press in Colombia have focused on two themes, mainly: its relationship with politics and power elites, and secondly, the effects of violence, in any of its expressions (armed, censorship of contents, murders of journalists, among others). For this reason, other voices that enrich that story told from public figures, official voices and not from other social actors in the print media have been unknown. Along these lines, the stories of the spokespersons, who are mentioned in historical texts as ‘newspaper vendors’, have been ignored. But beyond the role they play in the press distribution process, there are micro stories that account for the socio-cultural value of their profession. The approach that will be taken from Social Communication is made interesting by the reconstruction of the communication practices with which the town crier ceases to be classified as a seller, and adopts the role of subject with communication tactics and skills, as this research reviews, resignifying his trade. This is important if one takes into account that many of those who work in this work started as children and, in most cases, had not even attended a school, as some texts on child labor in the country relate, as this It was a second-rate job and poorly paid. In this sense, our research is of a qualitative nature, using the collection of microhistories as a working tool, characteristic of historical research, and which focuses on the communicative practices of the spokesmen. With this, it will be possible to reconstruct micro-stories about his trade, based on his testimonies, which will provide another look at the history of the press in Colombia.
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Cruz Roa, M. A. (2015) Historias en prensa : recuperación de la memoria histórica sobre prácticas comunicativas con voceadores de prensa en la bogotá de los años 40's a los 70' s. [Trabajo de pregrado, Universidad Santo Tomás] Repositorio Institucional
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Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 2.5 Colombia