Propagación asexual por esquejes de la especie forestal algarrobo hymenaea courbaril l. Para su establecimiento en vivero y conservación, villavicencio, m.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the asexual propagation of the native forest species Algarrobo - Hymenaea courbaril L. by means of mini-scions in order to determine the potential of this propagation technique for the establishment and production of mother plants. In this study a 3 x 3 x 3 Factorial Design was used to evaluate during a period of 9 weeks the effect of three concentrations of the growth hormone Indole Butyric Acid (0, 600 and 800 ppm), three types of substrates (coconut fiber, pine bark with sand and peat) and three types of branch cuttings (apical, nodal and basal), on growth and the degree of rooting of cuttings of Hymenaea courbaril L. species. Initially, identification was made and the location of the forest species was established. Subsequently, the phenotypic characteristics were evaluated and the number of carob tree individuals was established, in which a total of 8 trees were obtained, 6 of which were located in the Hotel Alcaraván and 2 on the old road to Cumaral. Consequently, the experimental trials were set up in a greenhouse, where a completely randomized factorial design was used, with a total of 27 treatments and 54 replicates per treatment. The response variables taken into account in this study were the presence of buds, leaves and callus, which were monitored for 9 consecutive weeks. A quantitative approach with a descriptive-comparative design was used and an ANOVA analysis of variance was performed with the Kruskal-Wallis test to corroborate if there are differences among the 27 treatments. The best results in reproduction were obtained for the variables of number of buds and leaves, in which treatments T9, T18, T12, T15 and T24 stood out as the greatest producers of buds and treatments T9, T8, T6, T15 and T21 as the main producers of number of leaves. All the previously mentioned treatments had as common denominator the type of basal cutting, however, the same relationship was not observed for the types of substrates used and the different concentrations of hormone, so it is deduced that, possibly, the basal cutting was the only test factor with the greatest influence on the development of buds, leaves and callus. Key words: Cuttings, asexual propagation, indole butyric acid, greenhouse and substrate.