Evaluación de los caudales máximos, medios y mínimos de los caños Buque, Gramalote, La Cuerera, Maizaro y Parrado, mediante la integración de datos climatológicos y el balance hídrico de largo plazo

Abstract

This project is carried out to evaluate the average, maximum and minimum flows of the hydrographic basins of the Buque, Gramalote, La Cuerera, Maizaro and Parrado channels, which intervene in the urban area of the municipality of Villavicencio, capital of the department of Goal. Through the long-term Water Balance methodology and the application of the QGIS Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tool, this study provides a wide range of informative data for municipal research and decision-making on management plans, prevention and mitigation of risks in the face of natural threats, since it allows the identification of expected flows to establish early warning levels. Where, the study basins, due to their hydrological, sedimentological and hydraulic characteristics, create braided channels that vary in size and number, depending on climatic conditions, generating hydrometeorological events that, periodically, have caused floods, landslides and mass removal processes. leaving as consequences structural, economic and human damage. The study is developed through the historical informative analysis inquired of technical reports from the Agustin Codazzi Geographic Institute (IGAC), the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies (IDEAM) and the Colombian Geological Service, based on the geomorphological characterization through the software " QGIS”, the study of the variable mean annual precipitation (PAM) of the meteorological stations that are partially located in the study area within the urban area of the municipality. The findings of the research study indicate that the diversity of the flow supply within the analyzed basins ranges between 0.242 m3/s and 1,703 m3/s, making visible that the Caño Maizaro basin exhibits a greater susceptibility to overflows, which represents a risk. significant due to its extension in the municipality. On the other hand, during periods of prolonged water scarcity, the Caño La Cuerera basin is the most likely to experience almost zero water availability.