Estado del Arte de la Calidad del Agua Mediante Análisis Químicos, Físicos, Biológicos y Microbiológicos del Río Grande de la Magdalena

Abstract

With the intention of nominating the Magdalena River for inclusion in the UNESCO World Heritage List for the purposes of protection, conservation and adoption of legal and financial measures on the watercourse, an assessment of the state of the art of the river's water quality has been carried out, in research on the Magdalena River published from 2013 to 2023 as part of the project "CULTURAL ITINERARY OF THE SOCIAL AND CULTURAL APPROPRIATION OF THE MAGDALENA RIVER FOR ITS INCLUSION IN THE UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE LIST", contributing to the application file that will be submitted to UNESCO. The methodology employed is divided into four stages. Initially, a bibliographic search encompassing primary and secondary sources at the national level, published for 10 years, was conducted. The second stage involves reviewing the identified bibliography, specifying the procedures, methodologies, or techniques used, the relevant environmental corporation, the tributary or specific area of the river studied, as well as the obtained results, among other aspects, to construct a Research Analytical Summary (RAI). The third stage involved performing a bibliometric analysis to assess the current state of research on water quality in the Grande de la Magdalena River. Finally, the analyzed information was synthesized and organized into comprehensive and updated content. Twenty-six documents were found, of which 17 are articles from indexed journals, 7 theses and 1 open-access book. It is highlighted that water quality analyses in the Magdalena River focus on physicalchemical and bacteriological indices, with a shortage of comprehensive studies that include bioindicators. Water conditions vary from good in the upper part to regular in the lower part. Insufficient data and understudied areas were identified, as well as a limited collaboration network between authors. Since 2020, the bibliography on the subject has increased, but gaps in longitudinal studies and comprehensive approaches persist.