Determinantes del fracaso de la rehabilitación implantosoportada realizados en la Universidad Santo Tomas, 2013-2019

Abstract

Introduction: The dental implant is a device that is surgically integrated to the bone tissue permanently replacing the root of a tooth; constituting a more predictable therapeutic option in the total or partial replacement of lost teeth. The placement of dental implants is considered an effective treatment, however, it can lead to failure of implant-supported rehabilitation. For this reason, the present study was carried out. Objective: To analyze the determinants associated with the failure of implant-supported rehabilitation performed in the postgraduate program in oral rehabilitation at the Universidad Santo Tomás Floridablanca in the period 2013-2019. Materials and methods: A descriptive-retrospective study with a descriptive-retrospective design of clinical histories of patients attended in the postgraduate course of oral rehabilitation and who have received implant-supported rehabilitation from 2013 to 2019 in the osseointegration clinics of the Universidad Santo Tomás, Floridablanca campus. Results: Five failures were reported out of the 269 treatments reviewed. Dental implant treatment failure was reported mainly in women with an age range between 50 and 69 years of age. The systemic conditions associated with dental implant failure were osteoporosis (p=0.03) and hypertension and the main habits associated with failure were; maintaining regular oral hygiene and not having a reported periodontal risk factor, the latter with a statistical significance of p=0.004, and 2 of the 5 implant-supported oral rehabilitation treatments occurred after oral rehabilitation (p=0.00). Conclusions: The characteristics of the dental implants, the surgical procedure, the rehabilitation, the systemic conditions and habits of the patient are determining factors associated with the failure of dental implants in patients treated at the dental clinic of the Universidad Santo Tomás de Bucaramanga.