Evaluación del Efecto de Dos Sistemas de Pulido en la Rugosidad Superficial de la Cerámica Disilicato de Litio: Estudio In Vitro

Abstract

This in vitro study aimed to assess the impact of two polishing systems on the surface roughness of lithium disilicate ceramic, a crucial material in restorative dentistry. Initially, 30 dental samples were divided into two groups, each subjected to a different polishing system. Surface roughness was evaluated using a surface analyzer, and parameters such as Ra were employed to measure roughness amplitude. The collected data underwent statistical tests (Shapiro-Wilk and Sign test). The results revealed significant differences in surface roughness between the two polishing systems, indicating a direct influence on the surface properties of lithium disilicate ceramic. Comparison with previous research, such as Ramon's study (2022) and García-Cuerva et al. (2021), highlights consistency in the importance of the polishing system in surface roughness, though methodological differences are acknowledged. The clinical relevance of these findings lies in their contribution to optimizing polishing processes that can enhance the mechanical and aesthetic properties of lithium disilicate ceramic dental restorations. These results provide a solid foundation for future research and clinical practices, emphasizing the need to carefully consider the selection of the polishing system in dental practice to ensure optimal outcomes in terms of surface roughness and, consequently, the longevity and performance of dental restorations.