Planes de gestión de riesgo aplicado a la amenaza de la inundación producido por las altas precipitaciones en la Orinoquía

Abstract

The increase in floods in Colombia has generated great economic, environmental and human life losses. Risk management plans are instruments through which it is necessary to identify, prioritize, formulate programs and monitor the risks generated. In this regard, the present work aimed to analyze and review bibliographic information on risk management plans applied to the threat of flooding and the management that has been given to it in the Orinoquía region. The method used was based on reviewing documents and reports that contained relevant information on the subject. For this, descriptors or alternative words were used to make it possible to limit the information. The results indicated that a law is in force that adopts the national disaster risk management policy and establishes the National Disaster Risk Management System, which is the driving force behind risk management plans in Colombia. In addition, climatological information was found for the Orinoquia region, where it is evidenced that there were episodes followed by precipitation that adhered to factors of change in the vegetation cover, weaknesses in the design and management of infrastructure, giving rise to floods, this being the event most threatening in history. It was found that several of the municipalities of the departments that make up the Orinoquia region have said plans and comply with the components and sections that they must carry. As a conclusion, it has to be said that the impact on people and goods is given by their location in water round zones, and that the risk management policy must be articulated with sustainable development issues to contribute to the conservation of ecosystem services.