Desafíos y oportunidades en la exportación de miel: aspectos regulatorios, competitividad y sostenibilidad ambiental

Abstract

Beekeeping has gained importance in recent years, not only because of its contribution to food security through pollination, but also because of the economic potential represented by honey production and export. However, behind this apparent growth lie structural challenges that hinder its sustainable and competitive development, especially in countries such as Colombia. In this context, the main objective of this article is to evaluate the challenges and opportunities facing the beekeeping chain, with emphasis on regulatory aspects, the competitiveness of the sector and environmental sustainability. To achieve this purpose, a systematic review of the literature on the subject was carried out, using databases such as Scopus, Scielo, Redalyc and Google Scholar. Among the most relevant findings were the urgent need to professionalize the sector, advance in certifications and adapt to international sanitary regulations. Successful experiences in countries such as Brazil, Ethiopia and Turkey were also identified, which can serve as a reference for the Colombian case. It is concluded that beekeeping should not only focus on producing more honey, but also on doing so with added value, environmental responsibility and strategic vision to achieve a solid insertion in international markets.