Evaluación de impactación de caninos del maxilar superior en radiografías panorámicas en niños de 9 a 11 años en el municipio del Socorro, Santander

Abstract

Introduction: Impaction of canines refers to the delay in the eruption of the tooth due to close contact with the adjacent lateral incisor or intraosseous obstruction and is caused by the delay in the eruption sequence, loss of arc length, among others. Therefore, these are of vital importance since they provide harmony, aesthetics and functionality. Objective: To evaluate the impaction of canines in the upper jaw by means of panoramic radiographs in the child population of the XRD radiological center of Socorro Santander, 2020 to 2022. Materials and methods: Observational, descriptive cross-sectional study, with a sample of 108 panoramic radiographs in patients with mixed dentition from 9 to 11 years. The instrument included sociodemographic and clinical variables of the canines. A univariate analysis was carried out with absolute frequencies and percentages for the qualitative and for the quantitative measures of central tendency and dispersion, for the bivariate analysis the relationship was established with the Chi2 tests or Fisher's exact test. Results: There was a higher proportion of female patients, nine years old, with presence in the second transitional period and normal eruption sequence. With canine impaction of 13.2% in tooth 13 and 9.4% in tooth 23, with a mean value of Nolla Stadium on the right 7.13 (SD 1.03) and left 7.25 (SD 1 .04), similarity in having a favorable degree of overlap as an angulation of the vertical occlusal plane. Regarding the bivariate, there was only a statistically significant relationship with the sex variable with a p value <0.05. Conclusion: It was possible to determine that there is a low possibility of impaction in upper canines since most of the sample showed the absence of said alteration.