Análisis integral de la sostenibilidad corporativa de las empresas tipo canteras en el Valle de Aburrá

Abstract

This study analyzes the environmental compliance conditions of quarry companies in the Aburrá Valley, aiming to identify the factors that facilitate or hinder the implementation of mitigation measures and sustainable management practices. The research followed a qualitative–cross-sectional approach, using semi-structured interviews, focus groups with entrepreneurs, and documentary analysis, which enabled an in-depth understanding of the perceptions, practices, and tensions that arise in the interaction between companies, environmental authorities, and local communities. The results reveal significant operational heterogeneity and limited formalization within the sector, evidenced by the fact that more than half of the companies do not hold a valid environmental license. Structural barriers were identified, including high compliance costs, regulatory complexity, insufficient institutional support, and technological gaps. Although some companies adopt environmental practices such as dust control and waste management, these measures tend to be partial and do not constitute comprehensive environmental management systems. The study also shows that community pressure and territorial conditions strongly influence the adoption of mitigation actions, while the relationship with authorities is often perceived as punitive rather than supportive. The conclusions confirm that environmental performance in the quarry sector depends on the interplay between internal capacities, regulatory clarity, institutional governance, and social dynamics. Finally, recommendations are presented to strengthen interinstitutional coordination, promote technological modernization, and consolidate technical assistance processes that enable progress toward more sustainable environmental management aligned with the needs of the territory.