Análisis de Modelos para la Integración Digital en Hubs Brasileños: Impacto de la Madurez Tecnológica en el Desempeño Logístico

Abstract

This study analyzes how the lack of digital maturity in the Brazilian ports of Santos, Paranaguá, and Rio de Janeiro affects their efficiency and competitiveness, particularly in their performance within the CPPI index. To do this, observations made during the academic visit to the Port of Rio de Janeiro were combined with information from studies and reports from other countries. The results show that these Brazilian hubs still rely heavily on manual processes and have limited technological integration, which leads to congestion, delays, and higher operational costs. When comparing this situation with ports that have already advanced in digital transformation such as Singapore, Barcelona, Bremen, or Cartagena it becomes clear that technologies like Digital Twins and Port Community Systems (PCS) help improve operation times, optimize planning, and strengthen coordination among logistics actors. The contrast between both groups of ports demonstrates that Brazil has not yet reached the level of digital maturity required to compete internationally. This affects not only its position in the CPPI but also its bilateral trade with Colombia, as delays and additional costs directly impact supply chains between the two countries. In conclusion, digital transformation is not just an option, but a necessity for Brazilian port hubs to improve their performance, reduce congestion, and become more competitive. The joint implementation of Digital Twins and PCS emerges as the most effective strategy to move toward modern, efficient, and connected port operations.