Variaciones del Ciclo Menstrual y su Relación con el Entrenamiento de la Fuerza

Abstract

This reflection article examines the relationship between the menstrual cycle (MC) and strength training in women. To this end, a critical review of recent research was conducted, focusing on variables such as maximal strength, protein synthesis, neuromuscular performance, and perceived exertion across different phases of the cycle. Methodological analyses addressing persistent challenges in phase classification, hormonal confirmation, and research design consistency were also considered.

Overall, the reviewed literature suggests that no specific phase of the menstrual cycle consistently enhances or limits strength performance. The variations reported tend to be small and highly dependent on individual responses. Additionally, recurrent methodological limitations were identified, particularly concerning sample sizes, hormonal validation, and participant representativeness.

The reflection further incorporates a contextual perspective informed by the authors’ academic, professional, and practical experience, including an academic mission carried out at the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio). This component enabled a contrast between scientific evidence and real training environments, broadening the understanding of the phenomenon beyond a purely physiological interpretation.