Competencias adquiridas con simuladores en programas de entrenamiento en cirugía laparoscópica ginecológica: una revisión de revisiones

Abstract

Introduction: Gynaecological laparoscopic surgery demands training in simulators to developskills different from conventional surgery. There is no agreement on proficiency standards thata trainee must obtain in a laparoscopy simulator.Objective: To identify the competences in gynaecological laparoscopic surgery that can beacquired with simulated training and the types of simulators that allow this to be done.Methods: A review of reviews was carried out in MEDLINE, EMBASE, ERIC and official publicationsof institutions in endoscopic surgery. Inclusion criteria were articles related to laparoscopic skillsand simulation made by graduate gynaecologists or in training.Results: A total of 12 systematic reviews were selected in which there was evidence of 11 tasks,7 skills, and 5 procedures that could be practiced on the simulators. The simulators found weredivided in virtual reality simulators, video simulators, and box trainers. The heterogeneity ofthe studies did not allow these findings to be grouped in a meta-analysis. The methods forevaluating the transfer of acquired skills are listed.Conclusions: Simulated training in laparoscopy allows several surgical skills to be developed.Their practice in simulators is measurable with objective parameters to evaluate transfer ofskills to real surgery, with possible benefits for the patient.