Eficacia de dos sustancias químicas en la desinfección de conos de gutapercha de uso clínico en odontología

Abstract

Gutta-percha (GC) cones are the most commonly used material in canal obturation. However, due to their composition it is difficult to perform sterilization protocols, so disinfection protocols must be performed. Substances such as sodium hypochlorite 5.25% and glutaraldehyde 2% have been used in GC disinfection. However, there are controversies about the effectiveness of each. This study sought to compare the efficacy of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite and 2% glutaraldehyde in the disinfection of GCs. Also, to determine the contamination of the GCs prior to disinfection, the efficacy of the substances and the time it takes to achieve the highest disinfection efficacy. The study used 40 GCs taken from different dental offices. The cones were distributed into groups by means of a randomization table. Subsequently, their initial contamination was determined. Then, the disinfection protocol was carried out according to the substance and time corresponding to each GC. The samples obtained were placed in 0.9% saline solution for serial dilutions and then sowed in Petri dishes with agar. The CFU count was carried out after 48 hours of incubation at 37°C. The results show that the GCs are contaminated from their storage boxes. In addition, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite is capable of reducing the microbial load of gutta-percha cones and 2% glutaraldehyde has an efficacy of 25% in the first minute of disinfection. Therefore, it is concluded that sodium hypochlorite 5.25% and glutaraldehyde 2% present a low efficacy as disinfectants.