Efectos a Corto Plazo de la Contaminación del Aire sobre la Mortalidad Cardiopulmonar en la Localidad de Tunjuelito

Abstract

Objective. To evaluate the short-term effect of air pollution on cardiopulmonary mortality, through an approach of individual and multiple contaminants. Materials and methods. A time-series ecological study was conducted from 2009 to 2014 using Poisson regression to find the association between mortality and exposure, given account models of distributed delay, moving average and multi pollutants. Results. In evaluating the short-term effect of air pollution on cardiopulmonary mortality, it was evident that, for mortality from cardiovascular diseases in all ages, there was an increase with PM2.5 and O3, presenting risks of 11.85% (95% CI: -6.31%, 33.5%) and 11.56% (95% CI: -6.95%, 33.7%) and for those over 65 the increase in PM10 risk was 4.39% (95% CI: -15.6%, 29.2%). For mortality from respiratory diseases, it was evident that, for all ages, the risk increased with O3 by 3.42% (95% CI: -14.6%, 25.2%), and for those older than 65 years, increased CO in a 3.60% (95% CI: -11.8%, 21.7%). For multiple contaminants, together mortality events show a more relevant increase when the contaminants are combined with each other. Finally, for the two cases of mortality, we found the effects of pollutants on mortality from more specific diseases (IAM, EPOC, Diritmias, STROKE, etc.). Conclusions. Although the results were not statistically significant, it was shown that the different pollutant criteria are positively associated with cardiopulmonary mortality, emphasizing more the combined effect of the contaminants than when they are in an individual state.