La afectación del derecho a la salud por el confinamiento y desplazamiento de la población en los municipios de Nóvita y Medio San Juan.

Abstract

This study analyzes the violations of the fundamental right to health suffered by Afro-descendant and Indigenous communities in Nóvita and Medio San Juan (Chocó) during the confinements and forced displacements of 2020-2024. Using a qualitative hermeneutic-legal approach, the study triangulates normative analyses, a review of humanitarian sources, and interviews with medical personnel and community leaders to identify how the territorial control of armed actors disrupts healthcare provision, exacerbates food insecurity, and intensifies physical and psychosocial impacts. The findings show a continued deterioration of primary care services, blockades of health brigades, interruption of chronic treatments, and an increase in malaria and mental health disorders. Although local resilience strategies and community surveillance networks are evident, gaps in infrastructure and protection persist that the State has not addressed. The main limitations stem from low statistical and epidemiological data collection, as well as the difficulty of accessing disputed areas. The study concludes that reversing the crisis requires safe environments, the development of local talent, and effective policies. of progressivity with effective community participation, the only way to restore a right systematically eroded by violence and historical state neglect.