Diseño de un sistema de poligeneración para la región de la Orinoquía

Abstract

During the last years in Colombia, efforts have been made to find environmentally sustainable alternatives to improve the conditions of the national interconnected system (Sistema Conectado Internacional), and diminish the number of non-interconnected areas in the country. One possible solution are the polygeneration systems which use different energy sources to produce one or more products. This paper depicts the design methodology of a polygeneration system for an area located in the colombian Orinoquia using solar, wind and hydrokinetic energy sources. This study is based on a theoretical method that consults both quantitative and qualitative data and sources, making it a non-experimental type study, as it is a design proposal for a potential implementation. The pre-selection process of the most suitable area for the system began taking into account climatic, geographic and demographic aspects. The municipality of Puerto Gaitán was selected since it has the best characteristics for the design. For each of the energy sources mentioned above, a corresponding equipment was selected taking into account different selection criteria. Solar panel LR4-72HPH-455, E53 wind turbine and Poseide 154 hydrokinetic turbine were selected. The output power of each potential gives a total of 222 MWh/day (81% solar energy, 19% wind and hydrokinetic energy), which translates into a 100% coverage of the consumption energy of the municipality with a surplus of 54%. Additionally, a mathematical model was carried out in order to optimizing the quantities of equipment and adjusting energy production to the average consumption of Puerto Gaitán. The optimized system consists of 55,230 panels, 15 wind turbines and 27 hydrokinetic turbines that produce an average power of 122 MWh / day. The mathematical model allowed knowing the energy production curve of the system in different time scales (monthly, daily, hourly).