Desarrollo del pensamiento crítico en estudiantes de grado 10 del Colegio San Viator Tunja a través de la implementación del ODS 10 en el Modelo de las Naciones Unidas.

Abstract

The present research evaluates the impact of participation in Model United Nations (MUN) on the development of critical thinking in grade 10 students at Colegio San Viator Tunja, focusing on the implementation of Sustainable Development Goal (ODS) 10: Reducing Inequalities. The main objective was to evaluate how MUN activities, which simulate diplomatic debates and global problem solving, foster critical skills in students. The methodological approach adopted was qualitative providing a comprehensive description and understanding of the phenomenon. A series of instruments were applied before and after their participation in the MUN to analyze changes in their critical thinking skills. In addition, the impact of the pedagogical strategy was evaluated through semi-structured interviews with students, parents and teachers, obtaining deeper insights into the learning process and the challenges faced. Participant observation during the MUN sessions allowed us to evaluate the practical application of critical thinking and ODS 10 in a simulated environment.

The results of the study within the activities designed from the provision of workshops and preparatory sessions to ensure effective participation in the debates from the area of history showed a significant improvement in communication skills, evidencing growth in affective and attitudinal dispositions in critical thinking, such as openness to new ideas, willingness to question and reflect on one's beliefs, and commitment to the search for truth. The study determined that the MUN is an effective tool for fostering critical thinking in grade 10 students, particularly through the implementation of complex topics such as ODS 10.