Revisión de alternativas sostenibles para el aprovechamiento de residuos agroindustriales de fabricas de bocadillo en Colombia

Abstract

Agribusiness is a productive activity that constitutes a large part of the economic activities of the country and is developed through the primary and secondary productive sectors, giving rise to the generation of semi-finished raw materials or food. In the last decade, there has been a growth in agroindustry activities in the country, placing Colombia worldwide as one of the countries that generates more organic waste and of which less transformation and use processes are carried out, generating environmental impacts, social and economic within the production zones. Therefore, the bocadillo production process was identified with a special emphasis on the processes in which waste is generated, later an analysis of the information reported by 12 research articles was carried out in which they mention different physicochemical components in the guava where the bioactive potential of the fruit is identified and the high content of vitamin C and moisture stand out. Subsequently, from a bibliographic review, different alternatives of use for the seeds, shell and fruit of Psidium Guajava with a high state of maturity were identified, corresponding to the organic material discarded during the production of the bocadillo in Colombia, through the revision of 26 investigations, where 17 alternatives of use for the fruit are identified and 3 alternatives are estimated for the agribusiness producing bocadillo, corresponding to the generation of fiber, oil and composting, in this way, new productive processes are proposed in the agribusiness that mitigate the impacts that have been generated and a theoretical basis is provided to consider their implementation and thus generate a circular economy model in agribusiness.