Implementación de una técnica de cromatografía líquida de alta eficiencia para detección de glifosato en suelos, lixiviados, tomate (Solanum licopercycum) y albahaca (Ocimum basilicum)

Abstract

Glyphosate is the most widely used agrochemical product currently by the agricultural industry, its results on the inhibition of unwanted plants and its selectivity have made this product the most widely used today (Madrid, 2011); however, in countries like Colombia it is also considered for the eradication of illicit crops (Solomon et al., 2005). Different studies have shown that glyphosate and its secondary metabolite AMPA, cause long-term problems on health (Parkinson's disease, celiac disease) (Samsel & Seneff, 2013) and the environment (Mantilla et al., 2012). , in Colombia, a detection methodology in soils and plants has not been proposed so far. Taking this into account, a methodology for the detection of glyphosate was proposed in a high-efficiency liquid chromatography equipment with a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). For this, a calibration curve was carried out, which yielded a determination coefficient (R2) of 0.9975, to guarantee the reproducibility of the method, the curve was made in duplicate and triplicate where R2 results of 0.9994 were obtained and 0.9898 respectively; Likewise, an external standard of a known concentration of 20ppm of RoundUp® was analyzed. With the obtained data, limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were established. Once the conditions for glyphosate detection were established, it was determined in real samples, in this case in soils, leachates, and tomato and basil plants, which underwent the respective extraction pretreatment and then the analysis, which showed concentrations of pesticide analyzed.