Descripción del déficit de la balanza comercial de colombia a partir de la entrada en vigencia del tratado de libre comercio entre colombia con Estados Unidos (2012-2019).

Abstract

The development of this monographic work is justified, since since the entry into force of the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the United States, the Trade Balance (TB) of Colombia went from positive to negative. In 2012, a surplus of US$4,023 million Free on Board (FOB) was recorded. But since 2014 there has been a trade deficit, reaching 10,769 million dollars FOB, since the implementation of the agreement. In fact, the deficit grew 72.83% from 2014 to 2019, which indicates that it grew 12.13% annually on average (DANE, 2019). These variations justify an analysis that goes beyond expressing whether the deficit increased or resulted in the Central Bank of Colombia.

Given these variations, when carrying out the study of the Colombian TB, compared to the FTA with the United States, in the period determined by this monographic work (2012-2019), the reasons why a trade deficit has occurred can be distinguished. . In other words, it is about glimpsing how much the country has reserved for the present and future with respect to consumption, since through exports and imports it is possible to know said difference.

That is why this work is relevant to the extent that it analyzes the impact that the Colombian FTA with the United States has generated in the Colombian TB, in order to determine the country's capacity to respond to financial obligations at a given time. . , the productivity capacity that the TB could have had over the years and the reason why the TB stopped having a surplus and became a deficit.