Impacto de las Tecnologías Power to X en la Operación de Sistemas Eléctricos con Alta Penetración de Fuentes de Energía Renovable

Abstract

Currently, a global energy transition is underway with the objective of transforming existing energy systems, most of which rely on fossil fuels, into sustainable and efficient systems in order to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. A pivotal challenge within this transition is diversifying the energy generation mix by integrating renewable energy sources (RES), thereby reducing dependence on fossil fuels and enhancing overall efficiency. With this objective in mind, the project focuses on assessing the role of Power-to-X (PtX) technologies. These technologies involve converting electrical energy into alternative energy vectors to effectively manage surplus energy generated by RES and ensure resource availability. To achieve the research objectives, it takes into account the IEEE 34 node test feeder to emulate the network as the foundation for their study. In this context, the incorporation of RES and a Power to hydrogen system (PtH2) was examined to understand how the integration of these components impacts the flexible operational region referred to as the ’Flexible Operation Region’ (FOR). The findings underscore the vital contribution of PtH integration, significantly enhancing adaptability to various generation sources, particularly photovoltaic systems, and augmenting load capacity. These enhancements result in a noteworthy expansion of the FOR. This highlights a compelling case for considering PtH2 implementation in the ongoing transition towards more sustainable and efficient power systems. Such a decision holds substantial implications for strategic planning and decision-making within the energy sector, ultimately fostering a more robust and sustainable future for power generation and management.