Evaluación de la Vulnerabilidad del Acuífero Guadalupe a la Contaminación en Subachoque Cundinamarca, con la Implementación del Modelo Drastic
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2018
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Universidad Santo Tomás
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La evaluación de la vulnerabilidad del agua subterránea permite determinar la sensibilidad del acuífero ante la presencia de contaminantes antropogénicos, esto a partir de la valoración de las características geológicas e hidrológicas. Las actividades humanas pueden comprometer la carga natural del acuífero, debido a que su estructura física y la composición del material de los acuíferos muestran resistencia al transporte de contaminantes desde la superficie hasta la capa freática.
Actualmente, se han propuesto numerosos métodos para evaluar la vulnerabilidad del acuífero. De manera similar, el modelo DRASTIC ® utiliza algoritmos informáticos y datos hidrogeológicos dentro de un entorno de Sistema de Información Geográfica (SIG) para calcular la vulnerabilidad del acuífero.
Abstract
The evaluation of the vulnerability of groundwater allows determining the sensitivity
of the aquifer in the presence of anthropogenic contaminants, this from the
assessment of the geological and hydrological characteristics. Human activities
can compromise the natural load of the aquifer, because its physical structure and
the composition of the aquifer material show resistance to the transport of
pollutants from the surface to the water table.
Currently, numerous methods have been proposed to assess the vulnerability of
the aquifer. Similarly, the DRASTIC ® model uses computer algorithms and
hydrogeological data within a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment to
calculate the vulnerability of the aquifer.
It took the municipality of Subachoque, Cundinamarca, where the DRASTIC model
was implemented in order to delimit the vulnerability zones of the Guadalupe
aquifer. To carry out the representative maps of the seven variables with the
weighting determined by the model, it was carried out using the ArcGis 10.2.2®
software, in order to generate a vulnerability map for the management of the
underground water resource in the municipality, collecting the information in the
different public entities of the municipality of Subachoque, with which a final
thematic map was materialized regarding the degree of intrinsic vulnerability to
pollution for the aquifer system of the municipality of Subachoque, where low
vulnerability zones were found in the mountainous part; moderate vulnerability in
the flat part, and with a high vulnerability in the whole center of the municipality,
this behavior is due to low piezometric levels, topography, lithological and
geological characteristics.
With the final result, the appropriate recommendations are made for the
management of the territory, specifically the areas where there is a high
vulnerability, in order to have a better use and care of the aquifer.
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Vega Vega, L. T. y Orjuela Quiroz, L. A. (2018). Evaluación de la Vulnerabilidad del Acuífero Guadalupe a la Contaminación en Subachoque Cundinamarca, con la Implementación del Modelo Drastic. [Trabajo de Grado, Universidad Santo Tomás]. Repositorio Institucional.
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