Efecto de los movimientos explosivos y de impacto aplicados en piscina sobre la composición corporal, la fuerza y la densidad mineral ósea de mujeres mayores de 60 años

Abstract

Background: Osteoporosis is characterised by loss of bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue microarchitecture that leads to fragility related to the risk of fractures. The aim of the study is to analyse theeffects of a training program based on explosive movements and impact, assessed in a swimming pool,on body composition, explosive strength and bone mineral density in women over 60 years old.Material and methods: A total of 35 healthy physically active women (60 ± 4.19 years) were divided intoa training pool group using multi jumps (JG) and a control group (CG). JG trained for 24 weeks, 3 timesa week, an hour and a half per session. Body composition testing, explosive strength, and bone mineraldensity were assessed before and after the program.Results: There were differences in the explosive force (JG vs CG = P < .05 to .001) and the estimated power(JG vs CG = P < .05 to .002) between JG vs CG, with significant increases in JG. There were no significantdifferences in the percentage of fat and lean mass, bone mineral density lumbar and femoral between groups, although slightly significant increases in bone mineral density lumbar and femoral could be seenin JG after program implementation (JG pre-test vs JG post- test = P < .05).Conclusions: The training program with impact and explosive movements assessed in a pool induces gainsin muscle strength and power with slight adaptations in body mass index in women over 60 years.